Mai Tarawa da Ba a Gani: Dalilin da Ya Sa Kula da CO2 da Ya Narke shine Madaurin Kulawa da Ya Rasa a Noman Kifin Salmon da ke Ƙasa

A cikin tsarin kiwon kamun kifi mai sake zagayawa, iskar oxygen tana jan hankalin kowa. Kowace cibiyar RAS a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa tana da na'urori masu auna iskar oxygen da aka narkar, tsarin iskar oxygen ta atomatik, da kuma dabarun faɗakarwa waɗanda ke aiki da ƙarfe 3 na safe lokacin da DO ta faɗi. Carbon dioxide ba ya samun komai daga wannan.

Ilimin halittar jiki ba shi da gafara. Kifin salmon da ke cin kilogiram 1 na abinci yana samar da kimanin kilogiram 1.2 na CO₂ ta hanyar numfashi - yawan CO₂ fiye da nauyin abincin da aka canza zuwa girma. A cikin tsarin kwarara, wannan CO₂ yana wankewa da ruwa. A cikin tsarin sake zagaye, inda kashi 95-99% na ruwan ake magani da kuma mayar da shi, CO₂ yana taruwa. Ba tare da cirewa ba, yawan tankunan ya haura zuwa 30-50 mg/L cikin kwanaki bayan cikakken yawan kayan.

Matsalar Aunawa: Dalilin da yasa Na'urori Masu auna CO2 suke da Tauri

Ma'aunin CO₂ da aka narkar yana amfani da ƙa'idar lantarki ta Severinghaus. CO₂ yana yaɗuwa ta cikin membrane mai shiga iska zuwa wani siririn Layer na electrolyte na ciki, yana canza pH ɗinsa. Canjin pH, wanda aka auna akan electrode na tunani, yayi daidai da matsin lamba na CO₂. Ma'aunin abin dogaro ne - lokacin da aka kiyaye firikwensin.

Matsalar da ke cikin RAS ita ce ɗigon ruwa. Famfon biofilm ɗin yana lalacewa. Ruwan lantarki na ciki yana ƙarewa. Haɗin ma'aunin yana toshewa da daskararru da aka dakatar. Na'urar firikwensin CO₂ da aka bari ba tare da kulawa ba tsawon wata guda na iya zamewa da kashi 30-50% daga wurin daidaitawarsa - yana karanta 8 mg/L lokacin da tankin yake a zahiri a 25 mg/L. Wannan shine bambanci tsakanin "amintacce" da "acidosis na yau da kullun" da aka ruwaito a matsayin ƙimar al'ada akan allon SCADA.

An ƙayyade firikwensin CO₂ na Honde da aka narkar don tura RAS saboda harsashin membrane ɗinsa yana da sauƙin maye gurbinsa a fagen, fitowar RS485 Modbus-RTU ɗinsa tana haɗuwa kai tsaye zuwa PLC ɗin wurin, kuma diyya ta zafin jiki ta atomatik tana riƙe daidaito a cikin kewayon 8°C zuwa 20°C na aikin RAS na yau da kullun.

Madaurin Sarrafawa da Ya Rasa

Cibiyar kifin salmon ta zamani tana aiki tare da tsarin sarrafawa mai zuwa:

Ana sarrafa iskar oxygen ta atomatik — Na'urori masu auna iskar oxygen na DO suna sarrafa tsarin iskar oxygen a cikin madauki a rufe. Ana sarrafa zafin jiki ta atomatik — masu dumama da masu sanyaya suna amsawa ga na'urorin aunawa na tanki. Ana sarrafa pH ta atomatik — yawan sinadarin sodium bicarbonate yana amsawa ga na'urorin auna pH. Ana auna CO₂ — idan aka kwatanta da shi — a matsayin samfurin ɗaukar hannu sau ɗaya a mako, ana yin nazari da na'urar auna benci a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Sakamakon haka shine tsari mai sarrafawa a cikin girma huɗu, tare da maƙallin da aka sarrafa na biyar. Ginshiƙin cire gas ɗin — hasumiyar da aka cika ko na'urar cire iskar gas da ke cire CO₂ — yana aiki a ƙayyadadden ƙimar, girmansa don kololuwar kaya, ba tare da la'akari da ainihin buƙata ba. Mai aiki ba shi da bayanai don amsa tambayar mafi sauƙi: shin na'urar cire gas ɗin tana cire isasshen CO₂ a yau?

Shigar da firikwensin Honde CO₂ a cikin layin dawowar tanki yana rufe wannan madauki. Firikwensin yana auna ainihin yawan CO₂ a cikin ruwan da ke shiga tankin. Fitar RS485 tana motsa sarrafa degasser: lokacin da CO₂ ya kusanci 15 mg/L, iskar fitar da iska tana ƙaruwa; idan ya faɗi ƙasa da 8 mg/L, iskar fitar iska tana raguwa. Faifan degaser yana aiki gwargwadon yadda ruwa yake buƙata, kuma kifin ba ya taɓa fuskantar matakin acidosis.

Tsarin Magani don Cibiyar Kifin Salmon da ke Ƙasa

Sakamakon Fili: Cibiyar Smolt da ke Ƙasa, Yammacin Norway, 2026

Wani kamfanin sayar da kifi na salmon na Atlantic a yammacin Norway - wanda ke samar da smolt miliyan 2.5 a kowace shekara a cikin tsarin sake zagayowar yanayi - ya sanya na'urori masu auna sigina na Honde CO₂ a cikin tankunan sa guda 24 na girma tsakanin Janairu da Maris 2026.

Sakamakon aiki bayan watanni 5 (har zuwa kololuwar samar da smolt a lokacin bazara):

• •Na'urori masu ci gaba da gano cewa yawan CO₂ na tanki yana tafiya tsakanin 6 zuwa 24 mg/L kowace rana - wanda aka gudanar da shi ta hanyar zagayowar ciyarwa da kuma aikin degasser - yayin da samfurin kamawa na mako-mako da ya gabata ya ba da rahoton matsakaicin 10-12 mg/L mara kyau. Kifin da ke cikin tankunan da suka fi yawan yawa suna rayuwa a cikin matakan acidosis na yau da kullun na kimanin kashi 30-40% na zagayowar samarwa.
• •Bayan an rufe madaurin sarrafa degasser - wanda ke daidaita fitar da iska daga na'urar auna firikwensin - matsakaicin tankin CO₂ ya daidaita tsakanin 8 zuwa 14 mg/L a cikin dukkan tankuna 24.
• •Adadin yawan abincin da ake ci ya karu da kashi 11% a lokacin girma daga Mayu zuwa Yuni idan aka kwatanta da wannan lokacin a shekarar 2025, wanda manajan samarwa ya danganta kai tsaye da kawar da acidosis da CO₂ ke haifarwa.
• •Tsarin jigilar ƙararrawa ya yi rikodin abubuwan da suka faru na ƙaruwa sau 37 a matakin 20 mg/L a cikin watan farko - kafin a daidaita madaurin sarrafa degasser gaba ɗaya - kuma babu wani abin da ya faru na ƙaruwa a watan ƙarshe na gwajin.
• •Takardun kula da lafiyar kifaye na cibiyar don binciken bazara na 2026 sun haɗa da tarihin CO₂ mai ci gaba a karon farko, wanda ya maye gurbin bayanan samfurin gurbi na baya da cikakken bayanan lokaci da aka sanya tambari.