Yadda Gyaran Ma'aunin Ruwa na AS4747 na Ostiraliya ke Tura Mitocin Gudun Radar zuwa Yankin Ƙasa

Wannan shine yanayin zahiri inda ma'aunin AS4747:2025 na Ostiraliya yanzu ke buƙatar ci gaba da auna kwararar ruwa mai hana tangarda, mai hana tangarda, a kowace hanyar da aka tsara don fitar da ruwa a saman ruwa a cikin Murray-Darling Basin. Ma'aunin bai ƙayyade wata fasaha ta musamman ta firikwensin ba. Yana ƙayyade sakamako: daidaito a cikin ±2.5% a ƙarƙashin yanayin filin, ƙirar zahiri mai bayyana ko mai hana tangarda, da watsa bayanai a mafi ƙarancin mitar kowace rana zuwa dandamalin telemetry na gwamnatin jiha.

A yankin arewacin Basin - Barwon-Darling, Gwydir, Namoi, Macquarie - haɗuwar kwararar ruwa ta lokaci-lokaci, lodin tarkace, da wurare masu nisa ya kawar da yawancin fasahohi daga la'akari. Mitocin ultrasonic da aka nutse a cikin ruwa suna lalata su ta hanyar tarkace. Mitocin kwararar injina suna lalata su ta hanyar tarkace kuma suna kasa buƙatar hana tarawa - ana iya buɗe ƙofa a kusa da su. Na'urorin bambance-bambancen matsin lamba suna buƙatar bututun lantarki ko igiya, wanda ke kashe kuɗi.
$50,000zuwa$

50,000 zuwa 200,000 don ginawa da tattara laka a lokacin busasshiyar rana.

Me yasa Radar, da kuma dalilin da yasa rashin hulɗa ke da mahimmanci a nan

Tsarin kwararar ruwa na Barwon-Darling shine dalilin. Na'urar firikwensin da ke nutsewa a cikin ruwa wanda ke zaune a cikin busasshiyar hanya tsawon watanni 18 tana tara ƙura, saƙar gizo-gizo, da tsatsa a fuskar transducer ɗinsa. Lokacin da kwararar ta iso, karatun farko na na'urar firikwensin yawanci ba daidai ba ne a cikin awanni 24 zuwa 48 na farko - daidai lokacin da ma'aunin daidai yake da mahimmanci, saboda a lokacin ne ake karkatar da ruwan zuwa wuraren ajiyar abinci a gona. Lokacin da na'urar firikwensin ta daidaita, kashi 40% na abin da ya faru na kwararar ruwa ya riga ya wuce.

Radar Honde tana kan wani ƙarfe mai tsawon mita 4 zuwa 10 a saman gadon tashar. A lokacin bushewa na watanni 18, ba ta yin komai. Ba ta raguwa. Lokacin da kwararar ta zo, karatunta na farko daidai yake da na dubu. Sashen Doppler na 24GHz yana ɗaukar saurin saman daga lokacin da aka gano kwararar. Radar matakin 60GHz ko 80GHz yana ɗaukar matakin ruwa tare da daidaiton ±2mm. Mai sarrafawa a cikin jirgin yana haɗa saurin gudu, matakin, da yanayin giciye na tashar don ƙididdige ƙimar kwarara nan take a cikin megalita kowace rana - na'urar da lissafin ruwa na Australiya ke amfani da ita.

Shigar da yanayin geometric na giciye ba kimantawa bane sau ɗaya. Ana duba bayanin tashar a kowane lokacin shigarwa kuma ana shigar da shi cikin tsarin firikwensin. Idan tashar ta canza - kamar yadda tashoshin ƙasa a cikin filayen ƙasa baƙi na Gwydir Valley suke yi, musamman bayan manyan abubuwan da suka faru na ambaliyar ruwa - ana sabunta binciken kuma ana loda sabon bayanin martaba ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta RS485 Modbus. Firikwensin ba ya ɗaukar yanayin geometry mai ƙarfi. Yana karɓar sabon yanayin geometry duk lokacin da tashar zahiri ta canza.

Dabaru Mai Tabbatar da Tasiri

Ma'aunin AS4747 ya mayar da hankali kan hana yin amfani da na'urar hana yin amfani da na'urar hana yin amfani da na'urar hana yin amfani da na'urar hana yin amfani da na'urar hana yin amfani da na'urar hana yin amfani da na'urar hana yin amfani da na'urar hana yin amfani da na'urar hana yin amfani da na'urar auna ruwa martani ne kai tsaye ga zarge-zargen satar ruwa na 2017-2019 a yankin arewacin yankin, inda aka zargi masu ban ruwa da yin famfo a lokacin takunkumi da kuma sarrafa na'urorin aunawa. Ba za a iya toshe na'urar firikwensin radar mara lamba da aka sanya a tsawon mita 6 a saman magudanar ruwa a kan bututun ƙarfe ba, a nutsar da ita a cikin bokitin ruwa mai natsuwa, ko kuma a kewaye ta da bututun da aka ɓoye. Ana iya ganin ganga daga sama kuma ana iya duba ta ta hanyar hotunan tauraron dan adam da aka yi amfani da su a kan bayanan telemetry.

Ana iya ganin cewa kwararar bayanai ta atomatik ta bayyana. Kowace ma'aunin minti 15 ana sanya matattara a lokaci, ana sanya matattara a geographic, sannan a aika ta kai tsaye zuwa dandamalin telemetry na gwamnatin jihar - tashar NSW WaterInsights ko IWMS ta Queensland - ta hanyar MQTT Json. Babu wani juyi na gida. Babu hanyar gyara da hannu. Mai sarrafa cire bayanai zai iya duba bayanan. Ba za su iya gyara su ba.

Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda Tsarin Murray-Darling Basin, yarjejeniyar gwamnatoci ta dala biliyan 13 wacce ke kula da raba ruwa tsakanin New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, da Queensland, ya dogara ne akan lissafin kuɗi da za a iya tantancewa. Idan an auna ruwan da aka haƙo a wurin da aka haƙo a Gwydir Valley da daidaito ±2.5% kuma an aika shi zuwa dandamalin gwamnati cikin awanni 24, za a iya ƙididdige rabon kwararar muhalli ga Macquarie Marshes da amincewa. Idan ma'aunin ya kasance ±20% kuma bayanan sun zo a kan takarda watanni uku da suka gabata, dukkan tsarin lissafin kuɗi zai lalace. Radar mara hulɗa ta rufe wannan gibin.

Haɗin kai: Abin da "Nesa" ke nufi a cikin Yankin Ostiraliya

Arewacin yankin Basin ba wai kawai karkara ba ne. Yana da nisa sosai a kan sikelin da hanyoyin sadarwa na Turai ba sa haɗuwa da shi. Gonar auduga a Barwon-Darling kusa da Brewarrina tana da nisan kilomita 120 daga garin da ke kusa da ita, tare da yawan jama'a sama da 5,000. Akwai kewayen wayar salula a kan babbar hanyar Kamilaroi. Babu shi a nisan kilomita 40 daga babbar hanyar a kan hanyar datti da ke kaiwa ga famfon kogi.

Na'urorin radar Honde guda 45 da ke cikin tsarin AS4747 suna haɗuwa da dandamalin telemetry ta hanyar na'urorin sadarwa da aka zaɓa a kowane wuri. Ayyukan da ke cikin kilomita 15 daga gari — Moree, Narrabri, Walgett, Bourke — suna amfani da na'urorin 4G. Ayyukan da ke cikin yankunan da suka mutu na wayar salula suna amfani da na'urorin LoRaWAN waɗanda ke isar da bayanai zuwa ga ƙofofin shiga a kan wuraren ajiyar hatsi ko hasumiyoyin Telstra, tare da nisan kilomita 15 zuwa 25 a fadin ƙasa mai faɗi. Ayyuka uku a cikin sassan da suka fi nisa na tsarin Kogin Paroo suna amfani da sake fasalin tauraron dan adam wanda aka haɗa tare da ƙofar LoRaWAN.

A matakin tashi, mai ban ruwa ba ya hulɗa da gajimare. Mai adana bayanai tare da allo a ɗakin sarrafa famfo yana nuna yawan kwararar da ake samu a cikin megalita kowace rana, yawan fitar da ruwa kowace rana, da kuma yanayin kwanaki 30. Mai ban ruwa yana duba mai ban ruwa a matsayin wani ɓangare na ayyukansa na yau da kullun - kamar yadda yake duba matsin famfo da matakan mai.

A lokacin binciken bin ƙa'idodi na shekara-shekara, wani ma'aikacin fasaha daga WaterNSW yana tantance kowane firikwensin da na'urar aunawa mai ɗaukuwa, kuma inda yanayi ya ba da dama, ana saukar da mitar wutar lantarki ta injiniya daga jirgin ruwa ko gada. Ana ɗora rikodin daidaitawa zuwa rafin MQTT iri ɗaya kuma yana zama ɓangare na hanyar binciken dindindin.

Manhajar Ƙararrawa: Lokacin da Cirewar ta Wuce Rarrabawa

Yankin Murray-Darling yana aiki ne bisa tsarin raba ruwa. Kowanne mai ban ruwa yana da haƙƙin shekara-shekara, kuma kowace shekara gwamnatin jihar tana sanar da kaso na rabawa bisa ga matakan ajiya. A cikin shekarar damina, rabon zai iya kaiwa kashi 100%. A cikin shekarar damina, ba za su iya zama sifili ga masu amfani da tsaro na gabaɗaya ba.

Ma'aunin girma na na'urar firikwensin radar mai tsawon inci 3 a cikin 1 yana ba da damar aiki wanda aunawa da hannu ba zai iya yi ba: aiwatar da rarrabawa a ainihin lokaci. Sabar girgije da software suna bin diddigin tattarawa na kowane fitarwa akan girman da aka ware. Lokacin da tarin fitarwa ya kai kashi 95% na rarrabawa, tsarin jigilar ƙararrawa yana aika sanarwa ta atomatik zuwa mai ba da ruwa - gargaɗin cewa cirewa yana gab da iyakar doka. A kashi 100% na rarrabawa, jigilar na iya haifar da rufe famfo na zahiri idan an saita tsarin sarrafa fitarwa don bin ƙa'idodin atomatik.

A shekarar ruwa ta 2025-2026, wadda ta ga kwararar ruwa ƙasa da matsakaicin matsakaici a faɗin yankin arewacin Basin, wannan bin diddigin rabon da aka yi ta atomatik ba wani abu ne mai sauƙi ba. Tsarin aiwatarwa ne wanda ya maye gurbin tsarin da ya gabata na karanta mita da aka bayar da rahoton kansa da kuma binciken bin ƙa'idodi bazuwar. Ba a ba da rahoton bayanan kai tsaye ba. Ana sarrafa shi ta atomatik, ana sanya masa tambari a lokaci, kuma ana aika shi kai tsaye ga hukumar kula da harkokin jihar.

Sakamakon Fili: Northern Basin, NSW, Janairu–Yuli 2026

An fara amfani da na'urorin auna kwararar radar guda 3-in-1 masu takardar shaidar CE guda 45 tsakanin Janairu da Maris 2026 a fadin wuraren da aka tsara a kwarurukan Gwydir, Namoi, da Barwon-Darling.

Sakamakon aiki bayan watanni shida:

• Babu wata matsala a lokacin ban ruwa na bazara na 2025-2026, ciki har da zafin da aka samu a watan Janairu wanda ya nuna yanayin zafi na 47°C a lokacin da Brewarrina ya fara aiki da kuma bugun ruwa na watan Maris wanda ya sauya Barwon-Darling daga busasshiyar megalita 2,800 a kowace rana cikin ƙasa da awanni 72. Na'urar radar da ba ta taɓa taɓawa ta tsira daga canjin ba tare da damuwa ta jiki ba.
• Tabbatar da daidaito a kan ma'aunin mita na lantarki a wurare 8 daga cikin 45 ya dawo da matsakaicin karkacewa na ±3.1% — a cikin maƙasudin ±2.5% a wurare 6 daga cikin 8, tare da sauran wurare biyu da ke buƙatar sake duba bayanan tashar bayan ambaliyar ruwa ta Maris ta sake fasalin ɓangaren da aka yi amfani da shi.
• Tsarin jigilar ƙararrawa ya haifar da rufe famfunan shaye-shaye sau uku a lokacin ban ruwa. A kowanne daga cikin wurare uku, mai ban ruwa bai bi diddigin tarin haƙoran ba kuma zai wuce kashi 8-15% a ƙarƙashin tsarin bayar da rahoton kai na baya.
• Tsarin sadarwa na MQTT Json ya cimma cikar bayanai da kashi 97.3% a duk shafuka 45 - fiye da mafi ƙarancin kashi 95% da aka ƙayyade a ƙarƙashin AS4747:2025. An tattara gibin bayanai na kashi 2.7% a cikin kwanaki 6 a watan Fabrairu lokacin da katsewar Telstra ta yanki ya shafi haɗin 4G a shafuka 7. Shafukan LoRaWAN ba su shafi ba.
• Dangane da aikin tura jiragen ruwan, Ma'aikatar Sauyin Yanayi, Makamashi, Muhalli da Ruwa ta NSW ta amince da fadada ayyukan jiragen ruwan guda 120 a yankin arewa maso gabashin Basin, inda ake sa ran fara aikin saye a kwata na uku na shekarar 2026.