Tashar yanayi: babban kayan aiki da aikace-aikacen sa ido kan muhalli

1. Ma'anar da ayyukan tashoshin yanayi
Tashar Yanayi tsarin sa ido ne kan muhalli wanda aka gina shi bisa fasahar sarrafa kansa, wanda zai iya tattarawa, sarrafawa da kuma aika bayanan muhalli na yanayi a ainihin lokaci. A matsayin kayan aikin lura da yanayi na zamani, manyan ayyukanta sun haɗa da:

Samun bayanai: Ci gaba da rikodin zafin jiki, zafi, matsin lamba na iska, saurin iska, alkiblar iska, ruwan sama, ƙarfin haske da sauran mahimman sigogin yanayi

Sarrafa bayanai: Daidaita bayanai da kuma kula da inganci ta hanyar algorithms da aka gina a ciki

Yaɗa Bayani: Taimakawa 4G/5G, sadarwa ta tauraron ɗan adam da sauran watsa bayanai ta hanyoyi da yawa

Gargaɗi game da bala'i: Matsanancin yanayi yana haifar da faɗakarwa nan take

Na biyu, tsarin fasaha na tsarin
Layer mai ji
Na'urar firikwensin zafin jiki: Juriyar Platinum PT100 (daidai ± 0.1℃)
Na'urar auna danshin yanayi: Na'urar auna karfin haske (kewayon 0-100%RH)
Anemometer: Tsarin auna iska ta Ultrasonic 3D (ƙaddara 0.1m/s)
Kula da ruwan sama: Ma'aunin ruwan sama na bokiti (ƙaddara 0.2mm)
Ma'aunin Radiation: Na'urar firikwensin hasken da ke aiki da photosynthetic (PAR)

Tsarin bayanai
Edge Computing Gateway: Ana amfani da na'urar sarrafawa ta ARM Cortex-A53
Tsarin ajiya: Goyi bayan ajiyar wuri na katin SD (matsakaicin 512GB)
Daidaita Lokaci: GPS/ Beidou lokacin yanayi biyu (daidaitacce ± 10ms)

Tsarin makamashi
Maganin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi biyu: 60W na hasken rana + batirin lithium iron phosphate (-40℃ yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi)
Gudanar da Wutar Lantarki: Fasahar bacci mai ƙarfi (ƙarfin jiran aiki <0.5W)

Na uku, yanayin aikace-aikacen masana'antu
1. Ayyukan Noma Masu Wayo (Ƙungiyar Gidajen Kore ta Holland)
Tsarin tura kayan aiki: Gina tashar yanayi 1 a kowace gidan kore mai girman 500㎡

Aikace-aikacen bayanai:
Gargaɗi game da raɓa: fara amfani da fanka ta zagayawa ta atomatik idan danshi ya wuce 85%
Tarin haske da zafi: lissafin ingantaccen zafin jiki da aka tara (GDD) don jagorantar girbi
Ban ruwa mai inganci: Sarrafa tsarin ruwa da taki bisa ga evapotranspiration (ET)
Bayanan fa'ida: Tanadin ruwa da kashi 35%, yawan kamuwa da mildew ya ragu da kashi 62%

2. Gargaɗin Rage Iska Mai Sauƙi a Filin Jirgin Sama (Filin Jirgin Sama na Duniya na Hong Kong)
Tsarin hanyar sadarwa: Hasumiyoyin lura da iska masu tsayi guda 8 a kusa da titin jirgin sama

Tsarin gargaɗi na farko:
Canjin iska a kwance: canjin saurin iska ≥15kt cikin daƙiƙa 5
Yankewar iska a tsaye: bambancin saurin iska a tsayin mita 30 ≥10m/s
Tsarin amsawa: Yana kunna ƙararrawar hasumiya ta atomatik kuma yana jagorantar kewayawa

3. Inganta ingancin tashar wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic (Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Ningxia 200MW)

Sigogi na Kulawa:
Zafin jiki (sa ido kan infrared na baya)
Hasken rana na kwance/jawowa
Ma'aunin ajiyar ƙura

Tsarin hankali:
Fitarwa tana raguwa da kashi 0.45% ga kowace ƙaruwar zafin jiki ta 1℃
Ana yin tsaftacewa ta atomatik lokacin da tarin ƙura ya kai 5%

4. Nazari kan Tasirin Tsibirin Zafi na Birane (Grid na Birane na Shenzhen)

Cibiyar lura: Ƙananan tashoshi 500 suna samar da grid mai tsawon kilomita 1.5.

Binciken bayanai:
Tasirin sanyaya sararin kore: matsakaicin raguwar 2.8℃
Yawan gini yana da alaƙa mai kyau da hauhawar zafin jiki (R²=0.73)
Tasirin kayan hanya: bambancin zafin jiki na titin kwalta a lokacin rana ya kai 12℃

4. Alkiblar juyin halittar fasaha
Haɗa bayanai masu tushe da yawa

Na'urar daukar hoton iska ta radar ta Laser

Bayanin zafin jiki da zafi na na'urar rediyo ta microwave

Gyaran hoton gajimare na tauraron dan adam a ainihin lokaci

Aikace-aikacen da aka inganta ta AI

Hasashen ruwan sama na hanyar sadarwa ta jijiyoyi ta LSTM (ingantaccen daidaito da kashi 23%)

Tsarin Yaɗuwar Yanayi Mai Girma Uku (Simulation na Yaɗuwar Sinadaran Shakatawa a Wurin Shakatawa)

Sabon firikwensin nau'in

Na'urar auna ma'aunin nauyi ta Quantum (daidaiton ma'aunin matsin lamba 0.01hPa)

Binciken bakan hazo na Terahertz na raƙuman ruwa

V. Misali: Tsarin gargaɗin ambaliyar ruwa a tsakiyar Kogin Yangtze
Tsarin aikin turawa:
Tashoshin yanayi 83 na atomatik (aiwatar da yanayin tsaunuka)
Kula da matakin ruwa a tashoshin ruwa 12
Tsarin daidaita sauti na radar

Tsarin gargaɗin farko:
Fihirisar ambaliyar ruwa = ƙarfin ruwan sama na awa 0.3 × 1 + 0.2 × yawan danshi a ƙasa + fihirisar yanayin ƙasa na 0.5 ×

Ingancin martani:
Haɗarin gargaɗi ya ƙaru daga mintuna 45 zuwa awanni 2.5
A shekarar 2022, mun yi nasarar yin gargaɗi kan yanayi bakwai masu haɗari
Adadin wadanda suka mutu ya ragu da kashi 76% a shekara

Kammalawa
Tashoshin yanayi na zamani sun haɓaka daga kayan aikin lura guda ɗaya zuwa na'urorin iot masu hankali, kuma ana fitar da ƙimar bayanan su sosai ta hanyar koyon injina, tagwayen dijital da sauran fasahohi. Tare da haɓaka Tsarin Kula da Yanayi na Duniya na WMO (WIGOS), cibiyar sa ido ta yanayi mai yawa da daidaito za ta zama babban kayan aikin don magance sauyin yanayi da kuma samar da babban goyon bayan yanke shawara don ci gaban ɗan adam mai ɗorewa.