Ultrasonic Anemometer

Tashoshin yanayi sanannen shiri ne don gwaji tare da na'urori masu auna muhalli daban-daban, kuma ana zaɓin anemometer mai sauƙi na kofi da vane na yanayi don tantance saurin iska da alkibla.Ga Jianjia Ma's QingStation, ya yanke shawarar gina wani nau'in firikwensin iska: na'urar anemometer na ultrasonic.
Ultrasonic anemometers ba su da sassa masu motsi, amma cinikin-kashe yana da girma mai girma a cikin hadaddun lantarki.Suna aiki ta hanyar auna lokacin da ake ɗauka don bugun bugun sauti na ultrasonic don yin tunani ga mai karɓa a sanannen nesa.Ana iya ƙididdige jagorar iska ta hanyar ɗaukar karatun sauri daga nau'ikan na'urori masu auna firikwensin ultrasonic guda biyu daidai da juna da amfani da trigonometry mai sauƙi.Aikin da ya dace na anemometer na ultrasonic yana buƙatar ƙira a hankali na amplifier analog a ƙarshen karɓa da kuma sarrafa sigina mai yawa don cire madaidaicin sigina daga ƙararrawa na biyu, yaɗa hanyoyi da yawa, da duk hayaniya da yanayin ke haifar.An tsara tsarin ƙira da hanyoyin gwaji.Tun da [Jianjia] ya kasa yin amfani da ramin iskar don gwaji da aunawa, sai ya sanya na’urar anemometer na wani dan lokaci a kan rufin motarsa ​​ya tafi.Ƙimar da aka samu ta yi daidai da saurin GPS na motar, amma ɗan ƙara girma.Wannan na iya kasancewa saboda kurakuran lissafi ko abubuwan waje kamar guguwar iska ko iska daga abin hawa gwajin ko wasu zirga-zirgar hanya.
Sauran na'urori masu auna firikwensin sun haɗa da na'urori masu auna ruwan sama, firikwensin haske, firikwensin haske da BME280 don auna matsa lamba, zafi da zafin jiki.Jianjia yana shirin yin amfani da tashar QingStation akan jirgin ruwa mai cin gashin kansa, don haka ya kara IMU, kompas, GPS, da makirufo don sautin yanayi.
Godiya ga ci gaban na'urori masu auna firikwensin, na'urorin lantarki, da fasaha na samfuri, gina tashar yanayi na sirri yana da sauƙi fiye da kowane lokaci.Samar da na'urorin cibiyar sadarwa mai rahusa yana ba mu damar tabbatar da cewa waɗannan na'urori na IoT za su iya watsa bayanan su zuwa bayanan jama'a, samar da al'ummomin gida tare da bayanan yanayi masu dacewa a cikin kewayen su.
Manolis Nikiforakis yana ƙoƙarin gina Pyramid Weather, ƙaƙƙarfan-jihar, marar kulawa, makamashi- da sadarwa-mai sarrafa na'urar auna yanayin yanayi wanda aka ƙera don turawa da yawa.Yawanci, tashoshin yanayi suna sanye da na'urori masu auna zafin jiki, matsa lamba, zafi, saurin iska da hazo.Yayin da yawancin waɗannan sigogi za a iya auna su ta amfani da na'urori masu ƙarfi, ƙayyadaddun saurin iska, alkibla, da hazo yawanci yana buƙatar wani nau'i na na'urar lantarki.
Zane na irin waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin yana da rikitarwa kuma yana da kalubale.Lokacin shirya manyan jigila, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa suna da tsada, mai sauƙin shigarwa, kuma basa buƙatar kulawa akai-akai.Kawar da wadannan matsalolin na iya haifar da gina tashoshi masu inganci da tsadar yanayi, wadanda za a iya girka su da yawa a wurare masu nisa.
Manolis yana da wasu ra'ayoyi kan yadda za a magance waɗannan matsalolin.Yana shirin kama saurin iska da jagora daga na'urar accelerometer, gyroscope da kamfas a cikin na'urar firikwensin inertial (IMU) (wataƙila MPU-9150).Shirin shine bin diddigin motsi na firikwensin IMU yayin da yake jujjuyawa akan kebul, kamar pendulum.Ya yi wasu ƙididdiga a kan napkin kuma da alama yana da tabbacin za su ba da sakamakon da yake bukata lokacin gwada samfurin.Za a yi jin daɗin ruwan sama ta amfani da na'urori masu ƙarfi ta amfani da firikwensin sadaukarwa kamar MPR121 ko aikin taɓawa a cikin ESP32.Zanewa da wurin waƙoƙin lantarki suna da matukar mahimmanci don ma'aunin hazo daidai ta hanyar gano ɗigon ruwan sama.Girman, siffar da rarraba nauyin mahalli wanda aka ɗora firikwensin yana da mahimmanci yayin da suke shafar kewayo, ƙuduri da daidaito na kayan aiki.Manolis yana aiki akan ra'ayoyin ƙira da yawa waɗanda yake shirin gwadawa kafin ya yanke shawarar ko duk tashar yanayin zata kasance a cikin gidaje masu juyawa ko kawai na'urori masu auna firikwensin ciki.
Saboda sha'awar ilimin yanayi, [Karl] ya gina tashar yanayi.Sabbin waɗannan shine firikwensin iska na ultrasonic, wanda ke amfani da lokacin tashi na ultrasonic pulses don tantance saurin iska.
Na'urar firikwensin Carla yana amfani da masu fassara ultrasonic guda huɗu, masu daidaita arewa, kudu, gabas da yamma, don gano saurin iska.Ta hanyar auna lokacin da ake ɗaukar bugun bugun ultrasonic don tafiya tsakanin firikwensin a cikin daki da rage ma'aunin filin, muna samun lokacin tashi don kowane axis don haka saurin iska.
Wannan nuni ne mai ban sha'awa na hanyoyin injiniya, tare da cikakken rahoton ƙira mai ban mamaki.