A cikin 2023, mutane 153 sun mutu daga zazzabin dengue a Kerala, wanda ya kai kashi 32% na mutuwar dengue a Indiya. Bihar ita ce jiha ta biyu mafi yawan adadin mutuwar dengue, inda aka ba da rahoton mutuwar mutane 74 kawai, kasa da rabin adadin Kerala. Shekara guda da ta wuce, masanin kimiyar yanayi Roxy Mathew Call, wanda ke aiki akan tsarin hasashen barkewar cutar Dengue, ya tunkari babban jami'in canjin yanayi na Kerala da jami'in kiwon lafiya yana neman kudade don aikin. Ƙungiyarsa a Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayin yanayi ta Indiya (IITM) ta haɓaka irin wannan samfurin ga Pune. Dr Khil, masanin kimiyar yanayi a cibiyar nazarin yanayi na wurare masu zafi na Indiya (IITM), ya ce, "Wannan zai matukar amfanar da sashen kiwon lafiya na Kerala domin zai taimaka wajen sa ido sosai da daukar matakan kariya don hana afkuwar cututtuka." jami'in nodal.
Duk abin da aka ba shi shi ne adiresoshin imel na Daraktan Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a da Mataimakin Darakta na Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a. Duk da imel ɗin tunatarwa da saƙonnin rubutu, ba a bayar da bayanai ba.
Hakanan ya shafi bayanan hazo. Dokta Cole, wanda ya sami lambar yabo ta kimiyya mafi girma a Indiya a wannan shekara, lambar yabo ta Vigyan Yuva Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Geologist ya ce "Tare da abubuwan da suka dace, hasashen da suka dace, gargadin da suka dace da kuma manufofin da suka dace, za a iya ceton rayuka da yawa." Ya gabatar da jawabi mai taken 'Climate: Abin da ke rataye a ma'auni' a Manorama Conclave a Thiruvananthapuram ranar Juma'a.
Dokta Cole ya ce saboda sauyin yanayi, yammacin Ghats da Tekun Arabiya na kowane bangare na Kerala sun zama kamar shaidanu da teku. "Yanayin ba kawai yana canzawa ba, yana canzawa cikin sauri," in ji shi. Mafita daya tilo, in ji shi, ita ce a samar da Kerala mai dacewa da muhalli. "Dole ne mu mai da hankali kan matakin panchayat, hanyoyi, makarantu, gidaje, sauran wurare da filayen noma dole ne a daidaita su da sauyin yanayi," in ji shi.
Da farko, ya ce, ya kamata Kerala ya samar da hanyar sadarwa mai yawa kuma mai inganci. A ranar 30 ga Yuli, ranar da aka yi zaftarewar kasa ta Wayanad, Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Indiya (IMD) da Hukumar Kula da Bala'i ta Jihar Kerala (KSDMA) sun fitar da taswirorin auna ruwan sama daban-daban guda biyu. Dangane da taswirar KSDMA, Wayanad ta sami ruwan sama mai yawa (sama da 115mm) da kuma ruwan sama mai ƙarfi a ranar 30 ga Yuli, duk da haka, IMD ta ba da karatu daban-daban guda huɗu don Wayanad: ruwan sama mai ƙarfi, ruwan sama mai ƙarfi, matsakaicin ruwan sama da ruwan sama mai sauƙi;
Bisa ga taswirar IMD, yawancin gundumomi a Thiruvananthapuram da Kollam sun sami ruwan sama mai haske zuwa haske sosai, amma KSDMA ta ruwaito cewa waɗannan gundumomi biyu sun sami ruwan sama matsakaici. "Ba za mu iya jure wa hakan a kwanakin nan ba, dole ne mu samar da wata babbar hanyar sadarwa ta sa ido kan yanayi a Kerala don fahimtar daidai da kuma hasashen yanayin," in ji Dokta Kohl. "Ya kamata wannan bayanan ya kasance a bainar jama'a," in ji shi.
A Kerala akwai makaranta kowane kilomita 3. Ana iya sawa waɗannan makarantu kayan aikin sarrafa yanayi. "Kowace makaranta za a iya sanye da ma'aunin ruwan sama da na'urori masu auna zafin jiki don auna zafin jiki. A cikin 2018, wata makaranta ta kula da ruwan sama da ruwan sama a kogin Meenachil tare da ceton iyalai 60 a ƙasa ta hanyar hasashen ambaliyar ruwa," in ji shi.
Hakazalika, makarantu na iya zama masu amfani da hasken rana da kuma samun tankunan tattara ruwan sama. "Ta wannan hanya, dalibai ba kawai za su san game da sauyin yanayi ba, amma kuma su shirya don shi," in ji shi. Bayanan su za su zama wani ɓangare na hanyar sadarwar sa ido.
Koyaya, hasashen ambaliyar ruwa da zabtarewar ƙasa yana buƙatar haɗin kai da haɗin gwiwar sassa da yawa, kamar ilimin ƙasa da ilimin ruwa, don ƙirƙirar samfura. "Za mu iya yin wannan," in ji shi.
A kowace shekara goma, an yi asarar mita 17 na ƙasar. Dokta Cole na Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayin yanayi ta Indiya ya ce yawan ruwan teku ya haura milimita 3 a shekara tun daga 1980, ko kuma santimita 3 a cikin shekaru goma. Ya ce ko da yake ana ganin karami ne, amma idan gangaren ta kai digiri 0.1 kawai, mita 17 na fili za ta lalace. "Wannan tsohon labari ne, nan da shekara ta 2050, ruwan teku zai tashi da milimita 5 a kowace shekara," in ji shi.
Hakazalika, tun daga shekarar 1980, yawan guguwar ya karu da kashi 50 cikin 100 kuma tsawonsu ya karu da kashi 80 cikin dari, in ji shi. A cikin wannan lokacin, adadin matsanancin hazo ya ninka sau uku. Ya ce nan da shekara ta 2050, ruwan sama zai karu da kashi 10 cikin 100 a duk yawan zafin da ake samu a ma'aunin Celsius.
Tasirin Canjin Amfani da Filaye Wani bincike kan Tsibirin Heat na Trivandrum (UHI) (kalmar da aka yi amfani da ita don kwatanta yankunan birane da suke da zafi fiye da yankunan karkara) ya gano cewa yanayin zafi a wuraren da aka gina ko dazuzzuka zai tashi zuwa 30. 82 digiri Celsius idan aka kwatanta da 25.92 digiri Celsius. a 1988 - tsalle kusan digiri 5 a cikin shekaru 34.
Binciken da Dr. Cole ya gabatar ya nuna cewa a wuraren budadden yanayi zazzabi zai tashi daga digiri 25.92 a ma'aunin celcius a shekarar 1988 zuwa digiri 26.8 a ma'aunin celcius a shekarar 2022. A yankunan da ciyayi ke da ciyayi, yanayin zafi ya tashi daga digiri 26.61 a ma'aunin celcius zuwa digiri 30.82 a shekarar 2022, tsallen da ya kai digiri 4.21.
An rubuta yanayin zafin ruwan a ma'aunin celcius 25.21, dan kadan ya yi kasa da digiri 25.66 da aka yi rikodin ma'aunin celcius a shekarar 1988, yanayin zafi ya kai digiri 24.33;
Dokta Cole ya ce, yanayin zafi da zafi a tsibirin babban birnin kasar ma ya karu a hankali a lokacin. "Irin wannan sauye-sauyen da ake yi a amfani da filaye kuma na iya sa ƙasar ta kasance cikin haɗari ga zabtarewar ƙasa da ambaliyar ruwa," in ji shi.
Dr Cole ya ce tinkarar sauyin yanayi na bukatar dabaru mai fuska biyu: ragewa da daidaitawa. "Rage canjin yanayi yanzu ya wuce karfinmu. Dole ne a yi wannan a matakin duniya. Ya kamata Kerala ta mayar da hankali kan daidaitawa. KSDMA ta gano wuraren zafi. Samar da kayan aikin kula da yanayi ga kowane panchayat," in ji shi.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-23-2024