Bayanin Kula da ingancin Ruwa da ƙalubalen gurɓataccen Ammonium a Malaysia
A matsayinta na wata muhimmiyar ƙasa ta noma da masana'antu a kudu maso gabashin Asiya, Malaysia tana fuskantar ƙalubalen ƙalubalen gurɓataccen ruwa, tare da ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) da ke fitowa a matsayin mahimmin alamar amincin ruwa. Tare da ci gaban ayyukan muhalli na ƙasa kamar shirin "Kogin Rayuwa" na Malaysia, fasahar firikwensin ammonium ion ya sami yaɗuwar aikace-aikacen a duk faɗin ƙasar, yana samar da shari'o'in amfani da matakai daban-daban daga gyaran kogin birane zuwa noma.
Malesiya tana da albarkatu masu yawa na ruwa, gami da koguna masu yawa, tafkuna, da maɓuɓɓugar ruwan ƙasa waɗanda ke zama ruwan sha ga miliyoyi yayin da suke tallafawa aikin ban ruwa, samar da masana'antu, da yanayin muhalli. Duk da haka, saurin bunƙasa birane da bunƙasa aikin gona sun haifar da matsin lamba ga muhallin ruwa na Malaysia, tare da gurɓatar da ammonium ya zama ɗaya daga cikin batutuwan da suka fi fice. Ammonium ions da farko ya samo asali ne daga zubar da taki na noma, najasar gida, da ruwan sharar masana'antu. Yawan yawa ba wai kawai yana haifar da eutrophiation na ruwa ba har ma yana haifar da haɗari ga lafiya ta hanyar canzawa zuwa nitrites da nitrates, musamman ƙara haɗarin methemoglobinemia na jarirai (blue baby syndrome).
Bayanai daga Sashen Muhalli na Malesiya sun nuna adadin ammonium a cikin manyan koguna da yawa sun zarce iyakar faɗakarwa na 0.3mg/L. Kogin Klang — “Kogin mahaifiyar Kuala Lumpur” - a koyaushe yana nuna matakan ammonium na 2-3mg/L, wanda ya zarce ka'idojin ruwan sha na WHO. Wannan yana da tsanani musamman a yankunan noma na Selangor da kuma yankunan masana'antu na Penang, inda gurbataccen ammonium ya zama ginshikin ci gaba mai dorewa.
Hanyoyin sa ido na al'ada suna fuskantar iyakoki da yawa a Malaysia:
- Binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje yana ɗaukar sa'o'i 24-48, ba zai iya yin la'akari da canje-canje na ainihi ba
- Samfurin hannu yana gwagwarmaya tare da hadadden yanayin kasa na Malaysia
- Rarraba bayanai a cikin hukumomin ba su da haɗin kai
Wadannan abubuwan suna hana ingantacciyar amsa ga ƙalubalen gurɓatawar ammonium.
Ka'idodin Fasaha na Ammonium Sensors da Dacewar su ga Malaysia
Na'urorin firikwensin ammonium na zamani da aka tura a Malaysia da farko suna amfani da hanyoyin ganowa guda uku, kowannensu yana da fa'ida daban-daban don yanayin sa ido daban-daban:
- Fasahar Ion-Selective Electrode (ISE).
- An fi amfani dashi a Malaysia
- Yana auna yuwuwar canje-canje a cikin membrane mai saurin ammonium
- Abũbuwan amfãni: Tsarin sauƙi, ƙananan farashi, saurin amsawa (<2minti)
- Misali: Xianhe Environmental's ingantattun na'urori masu auna firikwensin ISE a cikin aikin kogin Klang sun cimma daidaito ± 0.05mg/L tare da ramuwa da zafin jiki da suturar tsangwama.
- Fasahar Hasken Hasken gani
- Yana gano sauye-sauyen kyalli daga rini mai ammonium
- Ruwan da ba ya shafar launi / turbidity
- Ana buƙatar ƙaramar daidaitawa
- Misali: Tsarin sa ido ta wayar hannu ta MIC-騰晖 Telecom ta haɗa wannan tare da hasken rana da NB-IoT don wurare masu nisa.
- Fasahar Launimetric
- Yana auna canjin launi daga halayen ammonium-mai nuna alama
- Amsa a hankali (minti 15-30) amma zaɓi sosai
- Mafi dacewa don aikace-aikacen noma
- Misali: Madaidaicin sa ido na ban ruwa na MARDI
- Hakanan zamu iya samar da mafita iri-iri don
1. Mita na hannu don ingancin ruwa mai yawan siga
2. Tsarin Buoy mai iyo don ingancin ruwa da yawa
3. Goga mai tsaftacewa ta atomatik don firikwensin ruwa da yawa
4. Cikakken saitin sabobin da tsarin mara waya ta software, yana goyan bayan RS485 GPRS / 4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
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Lokacin aikawa: Juni-23-2025