Sabbin ƙa'idojin Hukumar Kare Muhalli na nufin dakile gurɓatar iska mai guba daga masana'antun ƙarfe na Amurka ta hanyar iyakance gurɓatattun abubuwa kamar su mercury, benzene da gubar da suka daɗe suna lalata iska a unguwannin da ke kewaye da shuke-shuken.
Dokokin sun yi niyya ne ga gurɓatattun da tanda na coke na masana'antar ƙarfe ke fitarwa. Iskar gas daga tanda tana haifar da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa a cikin iska a kusa da masana'antun ƙarfe na 50 cikin 1,000,000, wanda masu fafutukar lafiyar jama'a suka ce yana da haɗari ga yara da mutanen da ke da matsalolin lafiya.
Sinadaran ba sa tafiya nesa da masana'antar, amma masu fafutuka sun ce sun yi barna ga lafiyar jama'a a unguwannin "shinge" masu ƙarancin kuɗi a kusa da wuraren ƙarfe, kuma suna wakiltar batun adalci ga muhalli.
"Mutane sun daɗe suna fuskantar manyan haɗarin lafiya, kamar ciwon daji, saboda gurɓatar tandar coke," in ji Patrice Simms, mataimakin shugaban Earthjustice na al'ummomi masu lafiya. Dokokin suna da "mahimmanci don kare al'ummomi da ma'aikata kusa da tandar coke".
Tandunan Coke ɗakuna ne da ke dumama kwal don samar da coke, wani wuri mai tauri da ake amfani da shi wajen yin ƙarfe. Ana rarraba iskar gas da tanda ke samarwa ta hanyar EPA a matsayin sanannen sanadin cutar kansar ɗan adam kuma ya ƙunshi cakuda sinadarai masu haɗari, ƙarfe masu nauyi da mahaɗan da ke canzawa.
Yawancin sinadarai suna da alaƙa da matsalolin lafiya masu tsanani, ciki har da eczema mai tsanani, matsalolin numfashi da raunukan narkewar abinci.
A yayin da ake ci gaba da samun ƙarin shaidar gubar iskar gas a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masu suka sun ce EPA ba ta yi wani abin a zo a gani ba wajen rage gurɓatar iskar. Ƙungiyoyin muhalli sun dage kan sabbin iyakoki da ingantaccen sa ido, kuma EarthJustice a shekarar 2019 ta kai ƙarar EPA kan batun.
Tandunan Coke sun fi addabar birane a yankunan masana'antu na sama da tsakiyar yamma da Alabama. A Detroit, wata masana'antar coke wadda tsawon shekaru goma ta saba wa ƙa'idodin ingancin iska sau dubbai tana tsakiyar shari'ar da ke ci gaba da zargin cewa sulfur dioxide da iskar gas ta coke ke samarwa ya cutar da mazauna kusa a unguwannin da galibin baƙar fata ne, kodayake sabbin ƙa'idodi ba su shafi wannan gurɓataccen abu ba.
Dokokin, waɗanda aka buga a ranar Juma'a, suna buƙatar gwajin "shinge" a kusa da shuke-shuken, kuma, idan aka gano wani gurɓataccen abu ya wuce sabbin iyakokin, dole ne masu yin ƙarfe su gano tushen kuma su ɗauki mataki don rage matakan.
Dokokin sun kuma cire wasu hanyoyin da masana'antar da aka saba amfani da su don guje wa bayar da rahoton hayaki mai gurbata muhalli, kamar keɓe iyakokin hayaki mai gurbata muhalli yayin da ake fuskantar matsala.
Gwaji a wajen wani kamfanin kera motoci na Pittsburgh wanda kamfanin US Steel ke gudanarwa, daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin kera motoci a kasar, ya gano cewa sinadarin benzene, wanda ke haifar da cutar kansa, ya ninka adadin sabbin ka'idojin sau 10. Wani mai magana da yawun kamfanin US Steel ya shaida wa Allegheny Front cewa dokokin ba za su yi aiki ba kuma za su yi "kudaden da ba a taba ganin irinsu ba da kuma yiwuwar mummunan tasirin muhalli".
"Kudin ba za a taɓa yin irinsa ba kuma ba a san shi ba saboda babu wata fasahar sarrafa wasu gurɓatattun iska masu haɗari," in ji mai magana da yawun.
Adrienne Lee, lauyar Earthjustice, ta shaida wa Guardian cewa dokar ta dogara ne akan bayanan masana'antu da aka bai wa EPA, kuma ta lura cewa dokokin ba za su rage hayaki mai gurbata muhalli ba, amma za su hana wuce gona da iri.
"Ina ganin yana da wuya in yarda cewa [iyakokin] za su yi wuya a cika su," in ji Lee.
Za mu iya samar da na'urori masu auna iskar gas tare da sigogi daban-daban
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-03-2024