Sabbin dokokin Hukumar Kare Muhalli na da nufin dakile gurbacewar iska daga masana'antun karafa na Amurka, ta hanyar takaita gurbacewar iska kamar su mercury, benzene da gubar dalma wadanda suka dade suna lalata iska a unguwannin da ke kewaye da tsirrai.
Dokokin sun yi niyya ga gurɓatattun abubuwan da aka fitar da tanda na coke na karfe. Gas daga tanda yana haifar da haɗarin kansa na mutum a cikin iska a kusa da masana'antar karfe 50 a cikin 1,000,000, wanda masu ba da shawara kan lafiyar jama'a suka ce yana da haɗari ga yara da mutanen da ke da matsalolin lafiya.
Magungunan ba sa tafiya da nisa daga shuka, amma masu ba da shawara sun ce sun kasance masu lahani ga lafiyar jama'a a cikin "shinge" masu ƙarancin kuɗi a kusa da wuraren ƙarfe, kuma suna wakiltar batun adalci na muhalli.
"Mutane sun daɗe suna fuskantar manyan haɗari na kiwon lafiya, kamar ciwon daji, saboda gurɓataccen tanda," in ji Patrice Simms, mataimakin shugaban ƙasa na adalci na al'ummomin lafiya. Dokokin suna "muhimmanci don kiyaye al'ummomi da ma'aikata kusa da tanda na coke".
Coke oven ɗakuna ne da ke dumama gawayi don samar da coke, ajiya mai wuya da ake amfani da shi don yin ƙarfe. Gas da tanda ke samarwa EPA ya keɓance shi a matsayin sanannen carcinogen ɗan adam kuma yana ƙunshe da cakuda sinadarai masu haɗari, ƙarfe masu nauyi da mahalli masu canzawa.
Yawancin sinadarai suna da alaƙa da matsalolin kiwon lafiya masu tsanani, ciki har da eczema mai tsanani, matsalolin numfashi da raunuka na narkewa.
A cikin ƙarin shaidar da ke nuna gubar iskar gas a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, EPA ba ta yi wani tasiri a cikin gurɓacewar yanayi ba, in ji masu suka. Ƙungiyoyin muhalli sun yi ta matsa lamba don samar da sabbin iyakoki da ingantacciyar sa ido da adalci a Duniya a cikin 2019 sun kai karar EPA kan batun.
Tanda na Coke ya addabi birane musamman a yankunan masana'antu na tsakiyar yamma da kuma Alabama. A Detroit, wata shukar coke da ta shafe shekaru goma ta keta ka'idojin iskar sau dubbai tana tsakiyar ci gaba da shari'ar da ake zargin sulfur dioxide da iskar gas din Coke oven ke samarwa ya raunata mazaunan da ke kusa da unguwar da galibin baki ne, kodayake sabbin dokokin ba su rufe wannan gurbacewar.
Dokokin, waɗanda aka buga a ranar Jumma'a, suna buƙatar gwajin "shinge" a kusa da shuke-shuke, kuma, idan an sami wani gurɓataccen abu ya wuce sabon iyakokin, masu yin ƙarfe dole ne su gano tushen kuma su dauki mataki don rage matakan.
Dokokin kuma suna cire masana'antar madauki da aka yi amfani da su a baya don gujewa ba da rahoton hayaki, kamar keɓance iyakokin hayaki yayin rashin aiki.
Gwaji a wajen wata masana'antar Pittsburgh da Amurka Karfe ke sarrafa, daya daga cikin manyan masana'antun kasar, ya gano matakan benzene, carcinogen, wanda ya ninka sau 10 fiye da sabon iyakokin. Wani mai magana da yawun Karfe na Amurka ya gaya wa Allegheny Front cewa dokokin ba za su yi wuya a aiwatar da su ba kuma suna da "kudin da ba a taba gani ba da kuma illar da ba a yi niyya ba".
"Kudaden da ba a taba ganin irin su ba kuma ba a san su ba saboda babu ingantattun fasahar sarrafa wasu gurbatattun iska," in ji kakakin.
Adrienne Lee, wata lauya mai adalci ta Duniya, ta gaya wa Guardian cewa dokar ta dogara ne akan bayanan masana'antu da aka bayar ga EPA, kuma ta lura cewa ka'idodin ba za su rage hayaki ba, amma suna hana wuce gona da iri.
"Ina da wuya in gaskata [iyaka] zai yi wahala a hadu," in ji Lee.
Za mu iya samar da na'urori masu auna ingancin gas tare da sigogi daban-daban
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-03-2024