Shuohao Cai, ɗalibin digiri na uku a kimiyyar ƙasa, yana sanya sandar firikwensin tare da sitika na firikwensin aiki da yawa wanda ke ba da damar ma'auni a zurfin daban-daban cikin ƙasa a Cibiyar Binciken Aikin Noma ta Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison Hancock.
MADISON - Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison injiniyoyi sun ɓullo da ƙananan na'urori masu auna sigina waɗanda za su iya ba da ci gaba, saka idanu na gaske na nitrate a cikin nau'in ƙasa na Wisconsin na kowa. Waɗannan na'urori masu auna sinadarai na lantarki da aka buga za su iya taimaka wa manoma su yanke shawarar sarrafa abinci mai gina jiki da kuma fahimtar fa'idodin tattalin arziki.
"Na'urori masu auna firikwensin mu na iya baiwa manoma kyakkyawar fahimta game da yanayin abinci mai gina jiki na kasarsu da kuma adadin nitrate da ake samu ga tsire-tsire, yana taimaka musu wajen yanke shawara daidai yawan takin da suke bukata," in ji Joseph Andrews, mataimakin farfesa a Jami'ar Harvard. Makarantar Injiniyan Injiniya ce ta jagoranci binciken a Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison. "Idan za su iya rage yawan takin da suke saya, kudaden da ake kashewa zai iya zama mahimmanci ga manyan gonaki."
Nitrates suna da mahimmancin sinadirai don haɓaka amfanin gona, amma yawan nitrates na iya yin lebe daga ƙasa kuma ya shiga cikin ruwan ƙasa. Irin wannan gurbatar yanayi yana da illa ga mutanen da suke shan gurbataccen ruwan rijiyar kuma yana da illa ga muhalli. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da sabon firikwensin na masu binciken azaman kayan aikin bincike na aikin gona don saka idanu leaching nitrate da taimakawa haɓaka mafi kyawun ayyuka don rage illolinsa.
Hanyoyin da ake amfani da su a halin yanzu don saka idanu nitrate na ƙasa suna da aiki mai tsanani, tsada, kuma ba sa samar da bayanan lokaci-lokaci. Shi ya sa ƙwararren masani na lantarki Andrews tare da tawagarsa suka yunƙura don ƙirƙirar mafita mafi kyau, mara tsada.
A cikin wannan aikin, masu binciken sun yi amfani da tsarin bugu ta inkjet don ƙirƙirar firikwensin mai ƙarfi, nau'in firikwensin electrochemical na bakin ciki. Ana amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin sau da yawa don auna daidai nitrate a cikin hanyoyin ruwa. Koyaya, waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin gabaɗaya ba su dace da amfani da su a muhallin ƙasa ba saboda manyan barbashi na ƙasa na iya karce na'urori kuma su hana ingantattun ma'auni.
"Babban ƙalubalen da muke ƙoƙarin warwarewa shine nemo hanyar da za mu iya samun waɗannan na'urori masu auna siginar lantarki don yin aiki da kyau a cikin yanayin ƙasa mai tsanani da kuma gano ions na nitrate daidai," in ji Andrews.
Maganin ƙungiyar shine sanya Layer na polyvinylidene fluoride akan firikwensin. A cewar Andrews, wannan abu yana da halaye guda biyu masu mahimmanci. Na farko, tana da ƙananan pores, girman nanometer 400, wanda ke ba da damar ions na nitrate su wuce yayin da yake toshe barbashi na ƙasa. Na biyu, shi ne hydrophilic, wato, yana jawo ruwa ya sha kamar soso.
"Don haka duk wani ruwa mai arzikin nitrate zai fi son shiga cikin na'urori masu auna firikwensin mu, wanda ke da matukar mahimmanci saboda ƙasa ma kamar soso ne kuma za ku rasa yaƙin dangane da danshi shiga cikin firikwensin idan ba za ku iya samun shayarwar ruwa iri ɗaya ba. Ƙasar ƙasa," in ji Andrews. "Wadannan kaddarorin na polyvinylidene fluoride Layer suna ba mu damar fitar da ruwa mai wadatar nitrate, isar da shi zuwa saman firikwensin kuma gano daidai nitrate."
Masu binciken sun yi cikakken bayani game da ci gaban da suka samu a cikin wata takarda da aka buga a watan Maris 2024 a cikin mujalla na Fasahar Kayan Aiki.
Tawagar ta gwada firikwensin nasu akan nau'ikan ƙasa guda biyu daban-daban waɗanda ke da alaƙa da Wisconsin - ƙasa mai yashi, gama gari a sassan arewa ta tsakiya na jihar, da loams silty, gama gari a kudu maso yammacin Wisconsin - kuma sun gano cewa na'urori masu auna firikwensin sun samar da ingantaccen sakamako.
Masu binciken yanzu suna haɗa firikwensin nitrate ɗin su cikin tsarin firikwensin aiki da yawa da suke kira “Sticker Sensor,” wanda nau’ikan na’urori daban-daban guda uku ke hawa akan wani saman filastik mai sassauƙa ta amfani da goyan baya. Alamun kuma sun ƙunshi zafi da na'urori masu auna zafin jiki.
Masu bincike za su haɗa lambobi masu azanci da yawa a cikin post, sanya su a wurare daban-daban, sa'an nan kuma su binne wurin a cikin ƙasa. Wannan saitin ya ba su damar ɗaukar ma'auni a zurfin ƙasa daban-daban.
"Ta hanyar auna nitrate, danshi da zafin jiki a zurfin daban-daban, yanzu zamu iya ƙididdige tsarin leaching na nitrate kuma mu fahimci yadda nitrate ke motsawa ta cikin ƙasa, wanda ba zai yiwu ba a da," in ji Andrews.
A lokacin bazara na 2024, masu binciken sun yi shirin sanya sandunan firikwensin 30 a cikin ƙasa a Cibiyar Binciken Aikin Noma ta Hancock da Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Noma ta Arlington a Jami'ar Wisconsin-Madison don ƙara gwada firikwensin.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-09-2024