Sabbin Aikace-aikace da Ayyuka na Injin Tsabtace Tashoshin Hoto a Saudi Arabia

A matsayinta na ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da ke da albarkatun makamashin hasken rana a duniya, Saudiyya tana ɗokin haɓaka masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic don fitar da canjin tsarin makamashi. Koyaya, yawan yashi a yankunan hamada yana haifar da tara ƙura mai tsanani a saman fale-falen PV, yana rage ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki sosai - muhimmin al'amari da ke hana fa'idodin tattalin arziƙin masana'antar hasken rana. Wannan labarin a tsanake ya yi nazari kan halin da ake ciki na aikace-aikacen injinan tsabtace panel na PV a Saudi Arabiya, tare da mai da hankali kan yadda hanyoyin tsabtace hazaka na fasaha da kamfanonin fasaha na kasar Sin suka ɓullo da su kan tinkarar ƙalubalen muhallin hamada. Ta hanyar nazarin shari'o'i da yawa, yana nuna fa'idodin fasaha da fa'idodin tattalin arziki. Daga Tekun Bahar Maliya zuwa birnin NEOM, kuma daga tsayayyen tsararren PV na gargajiya zuwa tsarin bin diddigin, waɗannan na'urorin tsaftacewa masu hankali suna sake fasalin samfuran kulawar PV na Saudiyya tare da ingantaccen ingancinsu, fasalin ceton ruwa, da damar aiki da kai, yayin da suke samar da misalan fasaha na fasaha don haɓaka makamashi mai sabuntawa a duk Gabas ta Tsakiya.

Kalubalen Kura da Bukatun Tsaftace A Masana'antar PV ta Saudiyya

Saudi Arabiya tana da albarkatun makamashi na musamman na hasken rana, tare da sa'o'in hasken rana sama da 3,000 kuma yuwuwar samar da PV na iya kaiwa 2,200 TWh / shekara, yana mai da ita ɗayan yankuna masu albarka a duniya don haɓaka PV. Ta hanyar dabarun "Vision 2030" na kasa, Saudi Arabiya tana hanzarta tura makamashin da za a iya sabuntawa, wanda ke yin niyya ga 58.7 GW na ƙarfin sabuntawa nan da 2030, tare da lissafin PV na hasken rana don yawancin kaso.

Bincike ya nuna cewa a wasu sassa na yankin Larabawa, PV panels na iya rasa 0.4-0.8% na samar da wutar lantarki na yau da kullum saboda gurɓataccen ƙura, tare da asara mai yuwuwa fiye da 60% a lokacin tsananin yashi. Wannan raguwar ingantaccen aiki yana tasiri kai tsaye komawar tattalin arziƙin tsire-tsire na PV, yana mai da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan aikin kiyaye PV na hamada. Kura tana shafar bangarorin PV ta hanyoyi uku na farko: na farko, ƙurar ƙura tana toshe hasken rana, rage ɗaukar hoton ta ƙwayoyin rana; na biyu, ƙurar yadudduka suna samar da shinge na thermal, ƙara yawan yanayin zafi da kuma ƙara rage yawan juzu'i; na uku, abubuwan da ke lalatawa a cikin wasu ƙura na iya haifar da lalacewa na dogon lokaci a saman gilashin da firam ɗin ƙarfe.

Yanayin yanayi na musamman na Saudi Arabiya ya kara dagula wannan matsalar. Yankin bakin tekun Bahar Maliya a yammacin Saudi Arabiya ba kawai yana fuskantar ƙura ba har ma da iska mai yawan gishiri, wanda ke haifar da gaurayawan ƙurar gishiri da ƙura a kan filaye. Yankin gabas yana fuskantar guguwar yashi akai-akai wanda zai iya sanya ƙura mai kauri a kan bangarorin PV cikin gajeren lokaci. Bugu da kari, Saudi Arabiya na fama da matsanancin karancin ruwa, inda kashi 70% na ruwan sha ke dogaro da tsaftar ruwa, wanda hakan ke sa hanyoyin wanke hannu na gargajiya suna da tsada da rashin dorewa. Waɗannan abubuwan tare suna haifar da buƙatar gaggawa ta atomatik, hanyoyin tsaftace ruwa na PV.

Tebura: Kwatanta Halayen Gubawar Tashar PV a Yankunan Saudiyya Daban-daban

Ana magance wannan batun zafin masana'antu, Kasuwar PV ta Saudi Arabiya tana canzawa daga tsabtace hannu zuwa tsaftacewa ta atomatik. Hanyoyi na al'ada na al'ada suna nuna iyakoki a cikin Saudi Arabiya: a hannu guda, guraren hamada mai nisa suna sa farashin aiki ya hauhawa; a daya bangaren kuma, karancin ruwa yana hana yawan amfani da wanke-wanke mai karfin gaske. Alkaluma sun nuna cewa a cikin tsire-tsire masu nisa, farashin tsaftace hannu zai iya kaiwa dala 12,000 ga kowace MW a duk shekara, tare da yawan amfani da ruwa ya ci karo da dabarun kiyaye ruwa na Saudiyya. Sabanin haka, mutum-mutumi na tsaftacewa mai sarrafa kansa yana nuna fa'idodi masu mahimmanci, adana sama da 90% na farashin aiki yayin inganta amfani da ruwa ta hanyar daidaitaccen sarrafa mitar tsaftacewa da ƙarfi.

Gwamnatin Saudi Arabia da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu sun fahimci mahimmancin fasahar tsaftacewa mai kaifin baki, suna ba da kwarin gwiwa a sarari mafita ta atomatik a cikin Shirin Sabunta Makamashi na Kasa (NREP). Wannan jagorar manufofin ya haɓaka ɗaukar aikin tsabtace mutummutumi a kasuwannin PV na Saudi Arabia. Kamfanonin fasaha na kasar Sin, tare da manyan kayayyakinsu da kuma kwarewar aikin hamada, sun zama manyan masu samar da kayayyaki a kasuwar tsaftace PV ta Saudiyya. Misali, Fasaha ta Renoglean, abokin tarayya na Sungrow, ya sami sama da 13 GW na tsabtace odar robot a Gabas ta Tsakiya, wanda ke fitowa a matsayin jagoran kasuwa a Saudi Arabiya don mafita mai tsabta.

Daga hangen nesa na ci gaban fasaha, kasuwar tsabtace PV ta Saudi Arabiya tana nuna fayyace halaye guda uku: na farko, juyin halitta daga tsaftacewa guda ɗaya zuwa ayyukan haɗaɗɗiyar, tare da mutummutumi yana ƙara haɗawa da dubawa da iya gano wuri mai zafi; na biyu, sauyi daga hanyoyin da aka shigo da su zuwa gyare-gyare na gida, tare da samfuran da aka keɓance don yanayin Saudiyya; da na uku, ci gaba daga aiki na tsaye zuwa haɗin gwiwar tsarin, haɗawa sosai tare da tsarin bin diddigin da dandamali na O&M mai kaifin baki. Wadannan dabi'un suna fitar da kulawar Saudi PV gaba daya zuwa ga ci gaba mai hankali da ingantaccen ci gaba, yana ba da tabbacin fasaha don cimma burin sabunta makamashi a karkashin "Vision 2030."

Fasalolin Fasaha da Tsarin Tsarin Na'urar Tsabtace Robots na PV

PV robots tsaftacewa mai hankali, azaman hanyoyin fasaha don mahallin hamadar Saudiya, haɗa sabbin abubuwa a cikin injiniyan injiniya, kimiyyar kayan aiki, da fasahar IoT. Idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin tsaftacewa na gargajiya, tsarin mutum-mutumi na zamani yana nuna fa'idodin fasaha masu mahimmanci, tare da ƙirar ƙira waɗanda ke jujjuya manufa huɗu: ingantaccen kawar da ƙura, kiyaye ruwa, sarrafa hankali, da aminci. A karkashin matsanancin yanayi na hamadar Saudiyya, wadannan fasalulluka suna da matukar muhimmanci, kai tsaye suna yin tasiri kan farashin kulawa na dogon lokaci da kudaden shigar wutar lantarki.

Ta fuskar injina, tsabtace mutum-mutumi na kasuwannin Saudiyya da farko sun faɗo zuwa kashi biyu: mai hawa dogo da mai sarrafa kansa. Robots ɗin da aka ɗora akan dogo galibi ana daidaita su zuwa goyan bayan tsararrun PV, suna samun cikakken ɗaukar hoto ta hanyar dogo ko tsarin kebul-madaidaici ga manyan tsire-tsire masu hawa ƙasa. Robots masu sarrafa kansu suna ba da mafi girman motsi, dacewa da rarraba saman rufin PV ko ƙasa mai rikitarwa. Don samfuran bifacial da tsarin bin diddigin da ake amfani da su sosai a cikin Saudi Arabiya, manyan masana'antun kamar Renoglean sun haɓaka ƙwararrun mutummutumi waɗanda ke nuna “fasaha na gada” na musamman waɗanda ke ba da damar daidaitawa mai ƙarfi tsakanin tsarin tsaftacewa da hanyoyin bin diddigin, tabbatar da ingantaccen tsaftacewa koda lokacin tsararru sun daidaita kusurwoyi.

Mahimman abubuwan da ke cikin hanyoyin tsaftacewa sun haɗa da goge goge, na'urorin cire ƙura, tsarin tuƙi, da na'urori masu sarrafawa. Buƙatun kasuwannin Saudiyya sun haifar da ci gaba da ƙirƙira a cikin waɗannan sassa: ultra-lafiya da carbon-fiber composite bristles yadda ya kamata cire gishiri-ƙurar da ke danne ba tare da karce saman kayan aiki ba; ƙwanƙwasa mai mai da kai da injinan da aka rufe suna tabbatar da dogaro na dogon lokaci a cikin yanayin yashi; hadedde babban matsi mai iska suna magance datti yayin da ake rage amfani da ruwa. Samfurin PR200 na Renoglean har ma yana fasalta tsarin goga na “tsaftace-kai” wanda ke kawar da ƙurar da aka tara ta atomatik yayin aiki, yana riƙe da daidaiton aikin tsaftacewa.

• Ingantacciyar Cire ƙura: Ingantaccen Tsaftacewa> 99.5%, saurin aiki 15-20 mita / minti
• Gudanar da hankali: Yana goyan bayan sa ido na nesa na IoT, mitar tsaftace shirye-shirye da hanyoyi
• Daidaita muhalli: kewayon zafin aiki -30°C zuwa 70°C, ƙimar kariya ta IP68
• Tsare-tsare-Tsarin Ruwa: Tsabtace busasshiyar fari, ƙarancin hazo na zaɓi, ta amfani da <10% na ruwan tsaftace hannu
• Babban Dacewar: Yana daidaitawa zuwa nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan bifacial, masu bin diddigin axis guda ɗaya, da tsarin hawa iri-iri.

Tuki da tsarin wutar lantarki suna ba da ingantaccen aiki. Yawan hasken rana na Saudi Arabiya yana ba da kyakkyawan yanayi don tsabtace mutum-mutumi masu amfani da hasken rana. Yawancin samfura suna amfani da tsarin wutar lantarki guda biyu waɗanda ke haɗa fakitin PV masu inganci tare da batir lithium, suna tabbatar da aiki a cikin ranakun gajimare. Musamman, don magance matsanancin zafi na lokacin rani, manyan masana'antun sun haɓaka tsarin sarrafa zafin baturi na musamman ta amfani da kayan canjin lokaci da sanyaya aiki don kiyaye yanayin yanayin aiki mai aminci, yana faɗaɗa rayuwar baturi. Don injunan tuƙi, injinan DC marasa goga (BLDC) an fi son su don ingantaccen ingancin su da ƙarancin kulawa, suna aiki tare da masu rage madaidaicin don isar da isasshiyar jan hankali akan ƙasa mai yashi.

Tsarukan sarrafa hankali suna aiki azaman “kwakwalwa” na robot kuma suna wakiltar bambance-bambancen fasaha na musamman. Robots masu tsaftacewa na zamani suna nuna na'urorin firikwensin muhalli da yawa suna lura da tarin ƙura, yanayin yanayi, da zafin jiki a ainihin lokacin. Algorithms na AI suna daidaita dabarun tsaftacewa bisa wannan bayanan, suna canzawa daga tsararru zuwa tsaftacewar buƙatu. Misali, ƙarfafa tsaftacewa kafin guguwar yashi yayin da ake tsawaita tazara bayan ruwan sama. Renoglean's "Tsarin Kula da Sadarwar Sadarwar Cloud" kuma yana goyan bayan daidaitawar matakan-biyu-robot, guje wa rushewar samar da wutar lantarki da ba dole ba daga ayyukan tsaftacewa. Waɗannan fasalulluka masu hankali suna ba da damar tsabtace mutum-mutumi don ci gaba da aiki mafi kyau duk da sauyin yanayi na Saudi Arabiya.

Hakanan an inganta tsarin gine-ginen hanyar sadarwa da sarrafa bayanai don yanayin Saudiyya. Ganin yawancin wuraren hamada mai nisa da tsire-tsire na PV tare da ƙarancin ababen more rayuwa, tsarin tsabtace mutum-mutumi yana amfani da hanyar sadarwar matasan: gajeriyar hanya ta LoRa ko Zigbee raga, dogon zango ta hanyar 4G/ tauraron dan adam. Don tsaro na bayanai, tsarin yana tallafawa ma'ajiyar rufaffiyar gida da maajiyar gajimare, tare da bin ƙa'idojin bayanai masu ƙarfi na Saudi Arabiya. Masu aiki za su iya sa ido kan duk robots a ainihin lokacin ta hanyar aikace-aikacen hannu ko dandamali na yanar gizo, karɓar faɗakarwar kuskure, da daidaita ma'auni mai nisa-yana haɓaka ingantaccen gudanarwa.

Don ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙira, tsabtace mutum-mutumi an inganta ta musamman daga zaɓin kayan aiki zuwa jiyya na saman ƙasa don yanayin zafi mai zafi, zafi mai zafi, da yanayin gishiri mai yawa na Saudi Arabiya. Firam ɗin alloy na aluminum suna jurewa anodization, masu haɗin kai masu mahimmanci suna amfani da bakin karfe don tsayayya da lalata gishirin bakin teku na Bahar Maliya; duk kayan aikin lantarki sun haɗu da ka'idodin kariya na masana'antu tare da kyakkyawan hatimi akan kutsawa yashi; Ƙirƙirar waƙoƙi ko tayoyin roba na musamman suna kula da elasticity a cikin matsanancin zafi, suna hana tsufa na abu daga yanayin zafin hamada. Waɗannan zane-zane suna ba da damar tsabtace mutum-mutumi don cimma matsakaicin lokaci tsakanin gazawa (MTBF) fiye da sa'o'i 10,000 a cikin mawuyacin yanayi na Saudiyya, yana rage tsadar kula da rayuwa.

Nasarar aikace-aikacen mutum-mutumi na tsabtace PV a Saudi Arabiya kuma ya dogara da tsarin sabis na gida. Manyan masana'antun kamar Renoglean sun kafa ɗakunan ajiya da cibiyoyin horar da fasaha a Saudi Arabiya, suna haɓaka ƙungiyoyin kula da gida don saurin amsawa. Don aiwatar da ayyukan al'adun Saudiyya, ana samun mu'amala da takardu cikin Larabci, tare da jadawali na kulawa da aka inganta don bukukuwan Musulunci. Wannan dabara mai zurfi ba kawai tana haɓaka gamsuwar abokan ciniki ba, har ma tana kafa ginshiƙi na ci gaba da faɗaɗa fasahohin tsabtace fasaha na kasar Sin a kasuwannin Gabas ta Tsakiya.

Tare da ci gaba a cikin AI da IoT, robots masu tsaftacewa na PV suna tasowa daga kayan aikin tsabtatawa masu sauƙi zuwa nodes na O&M masu wayo. Sabbin samfuran yanzu sun haɗa kayan aikin bincike kamar kyamarorin hoto na thermal da na'urar daukar hotan takardu na IV, yin binciken lafiyar sassan yayin tsaftacewa; Algorithms na koyon inji suna nazarin bayanan tsaftacewa na dogon lokaci don tsinkayar tsarin tara ƙura da lalata aikin ƙirar. Waɗannan tsawaita ayyukan suna haɓaka aikin tsabtace mutum-mutumi a cikin masana'antar PV ta Saudiyya, a hankali suna canza su daga cibiyoyin farashi zuwa masu ƙirƙira ƙima waɗanda ke ba da ƙarin riba ga masu saka hannun jari.

Shari'ar Aikace-aikacen Tsaftar Hankali a Tsibirin PV na Tekun Bahar Maliya

Aikin PV na teku mai karfin megawatt 400, a matsayinsa na babban kamfanin samar da hasken rana a kasar Saudiyya, ya fuskanci kalubalen salinci mai tsananin zafi da zafi na yankin, inda ya zama wani muhimmin lamari ga fasahar tsabtace fasaha ta kasar Sin a Saudiyya. Ƙaddamar da ACWA Power, aikin shine maɓalli mai mahimmanci na Saudi "Vision 2030" tsare-tsaren makamashi mai sabuntawa. Wurinsa yana da siffofi na musamman na yanayi: matsakaita yanayin zafi na shekara ya wuce 30 ° C, yanayin zafi na dangi ya wuce 60%, kuma iska mai gishiri mai sauƙi yana samar da ɓawon burodi na gishiri a kan PV panels - yanayin tsaftacewa na gargajiya.

Da yake magance waɗannan ƙalubalen, aikin a ƙarshe ya karɓi tsarin tsaftacewa na musamman na Renoglean dangane da PR-jerin PV tsabtace mutummutumi, haɗa sabbin fasahohin fasaha da yawa musamman don mahalli mai girman gishiri: firam ɗin alloy na titanium mai jure lalata da belin da aka rufe suna hana lalacewar gishiri ga mahimman abubuwan; Filayen goga na musamman da aka bi da su suna guje wa adsorption barbashi na gishiri da gurɓataccen abu na biyu yayin tsaftacewa; Tsarin sarrafawa sun ƙara na'urori masu zafi don daidaita girman tsaftacewa ta atomatik ƙarƙashin babban zafi don sakamako mafi kyau. Musamman ma, na'urar wanke-wanke na aikin sun sami takardar shedar yaƙi da lalata masana'antar PV ta duniya, wanda ke wakiltar mafi kyawun tsaftar aikin gabas ta tsakiya a lokacin.

Tushen tsarin aikin tsaftar teku na Bahar Maliya ya nuna ƙwaƙƙwaran aikin injiniya. Tushen tushe mai laushi na bakin teku ya haifar da rashin daidaituwa a wasu tsaunukan tsaunuka, wanda ke haifar da karkacewar layin dogo har zuwa ± 15 cm. Renoglean ta ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun tsarin dakatarwa suna ba da damar tsabtace mutummutumi don yin aiki da kyau a cikin waɗannan bambance-bambancen tsayi, tabbatar da cewa yanayin ƙasa bai shafe shi ba. Hakanan tsarin ya karɓi ƙirar ƙira, tare da raka'o'in mutum-mutumi guda ɗaya waɗanda ke rufe kusan sassan tsararrun mita 100-raka'a za su iya aiki da kansu ko daidaitawa ta hanyar kulawa ta tsakiya don ingantaccen sarrafa tsiro gabaɗaya. Wannan sassauƙan gine-ginen ya sauƙaƙe haɓakawa gaba gaba, yana ba da damar tsarin tsaftacewa ya girma tare da ƙarfin shuka.

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