Ayyukan muhalli na injiniyan ruwa yana da mahimmanci don adana albarkatun kifi. An san saurin ruwa yana shafar haifuwar kifin da ke isar da ƙwai. Wannan binciken yana da nufin bincika tasirin saurin ruwa akan balagawar ovarian da ƙarfin antioxidant na manya ciyawa carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje don fahimtar tsarin ilimin halittar jiki wanda ke ƙarƙashin amsawar haifuwa na halitta zuwa kwararar halittu. Mun yi nazarin tarihin tarihi, jima'i da jima'i da vitllogenin (VTG) taro na ovary, da kuma bayanan da aka rubuta na key genes a cikin hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, da kuma ayyukan antioxidant na ovary da hanta a cikin ciyawa. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ko da yake babu wani bambanci mai ban sha'awa game da halaye na ci gaban ovarian na ciyawa na ciyawa a karkashin ruwa mai saurin motsa jiki, estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17α,20β-DHP), da kuma VTG maida hankali ne mai girma, wanda ke da alaka da transgulation na HP transgulation. Matakan maganganun kwayoyin halitta (gnrh2, fshβ, lhβ, cgα, hsd20b, hsd17b3, da vtg) a cikin ginshiƙan HPG an haɓaka su sosai a ƙarƙashin haɓakar saurin ruwa, yayin da na hsd3b1, cyp17a1, cyp19a1a, hsd, 3igf. Bugu da ƙari, haɓakar saurin ruwa mai dacewa zai iya haɓaka matsayin lafiyar jiki ta hanyar haɓaka ayyukan enzymes na antioxidant a cikin ovary da hanta. Sakamakon wannan binciken ya ba da tushen ilimi da goyon bayan bayanai don gudanar da ayyukan muhalli na ayyukan wutar lantarki da maido da muhallin kogi.
Gabatarwa
Dam din Gorges Uku (TGD), wanda ke tsakiyar tsakiyar kogin Yangtze, shine aikin samar da wutar lantarki mafi girma a duniya kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yin amfani da karfin kogin (Tang et al., 2016). Duk da haka, aikin TGD ba wai kawai yana canza hanyoyin ruwa na koguna ba har ma yana yin barazana ga matsugunan ruwa a sama da na kasa na madatsar ruwa, ta yadda hakan ke ba da gudummawa ga lalatar halittun kogin (Zhang et al., 2021). A daki-daki, ka'idar tafkunan tana daidaita tsarin tafiyar kogunan kuma yana raunana ko kawar da kololuwar ambaliyar ruwa, don haka yana haifar da raguwar ƙwan kifin (She et al., 2023).
Akwai yuwuwar abubuwa daban-daban na muhalli sun yi tasiri akan ayyukan kifin kifaye, gami da saurin ruwa, zafin ruwa, da narkar da iskar oxygen. Ta hanyar tasirin haɓakar hormone da ɓoyewa, waɗannan abubuwan muhalli suna shafar haɓakar gonadal na kifin (Liu et al., 2021). Musamman, an san saurin ruwa don yin tasiri ga kifayen da ke isar da ƙwai a cikin koguna (Chen et al., 2021a). Domin rage illar da ayyukan dam ke haifarwa kan kifin kifin, ya zama dole a kafa takamaiman tsarin yanayin muhalli don tada kifin (Wang et al., 2020).
Manyan carps guda hudu na kasar Sin (FMCC), wadanda suka hada da irin kifi (Mylopharyngodon piceus), carp ciyawa (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), carp na azurfa (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), da bighead irin kifi (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), wadanda ke da matukar kula da hanyoyin ruwa, suna wakiltar mafi mahimmancin tattalin arziki a kasar Sin. Yawan jama'ar FMCC za su yi ƙaura zuwa wuraren da ake hayayyafa kuma su fara hayayyafa don mayar da martani ga yawan kwararar ruwa daga Maris zuwa Yuni, yayin da gini da aiki na TGD ke canza yanayin yanayin ruwa da hana ƙaurawar kifi (Zhang et al., 2023). Don haka, haɗa kwararar muhalli a cikin tsarin aiki na TGD zai zama ma'aunin ragewa don kare haƙowar FMCC. An nuna cewa aiwatar da ambaliyar ruwa da mutum ya yi sarrafawa a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin TGD yana haɓaka nasarar haifuwa na FMCC a cikin yankuna na ƙasa (Xiao et al., 2022). Tun daga shekara ta 2011, an shirya yunƙuri da dama don haɓaka ɗabi'ar haifuwa na FMCC don rage raguwar FMCC daga kogin Yangtze. An gano cewa saurin ruwan da ke haifar da haifuwar FMCC ya kasance daga 1.11 zuwa 1.49 m/s (Cao et al., 2022), tare da mafi kyawun saurin gudu na 1.31 m/s don haɓakar FMCC a cikin koguna (Chen et al., 2021a). Kodayake saurin ruwa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin haifuwar FMCC, akwai ƙarancin bincike game da tsarin ilimin halittar jiki wanda ke haifar da amsawar haifuwa ta halitta ga kwararar muhalli.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-05-2024