[Jakarta, Yuli 15, 2024] – A matsayinta na ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da suka fi fuskantar bala'i a duniya, Indonesiya ta sha fama da mummunar ambaliyar ruwa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Don haɓaka ƙarfin faɗakarwa da wuri, Hukumar Ba da Agajin Bala'i ta ƙasa (BNPB) da Hukumar Kula da Yanayin yanayi, Kimiyyar yanayi da Geophysics (BMKG) sun ƙaddamar da tsarin kula da radar na gaba a wuraren da ke da hatsarin ambaliya, wanda ya inganta daidaito da lokacin faɗakarwar ambaliyar ruwa.
Ambaliyar Filashi Mai Yawaita Yana Korar Ci Gaban Fasaha
Wuraren da ke da sarkakiya a Indonesiya ya sa ya zama mai saurin kamuwa da ambaliya kwatsam a lokacin damina mai karfin gaske, inda tsarin kula da matakin ruwa na gargajiya kan mayar da martani a hankali. Biyo bayan ambaliyar ruwa ta 2023 a yammacin Java wanda ya yi sanadiyar rayuka sama da 70, gwamnati ta kara habaka shirinta na “Smart Disaster Prevention Initiative,” tare da gabatar da hanyar sadarwa ta radar yanayi ta X-band a cikin magudanan ruwa masu hadari kamar Bandung da Bogor. Wannan tsarin yana ba da sa ido na gaske na tsananin ruwan sama, motsin gajimare, da kwararar ruwa a cikin radius na kilomita 10, tare da sabunta bayanai kowane minti 2.5.
Radar + AI: Tsarin Gargaɗi na Farko Mai Layi da yawa
Sabon tsarin ya haɗa mahimman sabbin abubuwa guda uku:
- Fasahar Radar-Polarization Dual-Polarization: Yana bambanta girman ɗigon ruwan sama da nau'in don ƙarin ingantattun tsinkayar ruwan sama na ɗan gajeren lokaci.
- Samfuran Tsarin Ruwa na ƙasa: Ya haɗa da gangaren ruwa, jikewar ƙasa, da sauran dalilai don ƙididdige yiwuwar ambaliya.
- Algorithms Learning Machine: An horar da kan bayanan bala'i na tarihi, tsarin yana ba da faɗakarwa masu girma (blue/rawaya/orange/ja) 3-6 hours gaba.
"A baya, mun dogara da bayanan tashar ruwan sama, wanda ya ba mu gargadin kasa da sa'a guda. Yanzu, radar na iya bin diddigin gizagizai da ke tafiya a kan wuraren tsaunuka, da sayen lokaci mai mahimmanci don kwashe," in ji injiniya BMKG Dewi Satriani. A lokacin gwajin damina ta 2024, tsarin ya yi nasarar annabta ambaliyar ruwa guda huɗu a Gabashin Nusa Tenggara, wanda ya rage ƙararrawar ƙarya da kashi 40% idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin gargajiya.
Haɗin Kan Al'umma Yana Haɓaka Ingancin Amsa
Ana yada faɗakarwar faɗakarwa ta tashoshi da yawa:
- Matakan gaggawa na gwamnati (InaRISK) suna haifar da faɗakarwar SMS ta atomatik.
- Hasumiyar watsa shirye-shiryen ƙauyen suna ba da faɗakarwar murya.
- Ana shigar da ƙararrawar haske da ƙararrawa tare da rafukan da ke fuskantar ambaliyar ruwa.
Wani shiri na matukin jirgi a Padang, West Sumatra, ya nuna cewa matsakaicin lokacin ƙaura a yankuna masu haɗari ya ragu zuwa mintuna 25 bayan faɗakarwa.
Kalubale da Ci gaban gaba
Duk da nasarar da ya samu, ƙalubalen sun ci gaba da kasancewa, gami da iyakancewar radar a yankunan tsaunuka masu nisa da tsadar kulawa. BNPB na shirin fadada tashoshin radar daga 12 zuwa 20 nan da shekarar 2025 kuma yana hada gwiwa da Hukumar Hadin Kan Kasa da Kasa ta Japan (JICA) don bunkasa kananan radars masu rahusa. Maƙasudin dogon lokaci sun haɗa da haɗa bayanan radar tare da hangen nesa na tauraron dan adam da masu sintiri mara matuki don ƙirƙirar hanyar sadarwa ta sa ido "iska-ƙasa-sarari".
Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru:
Arif Nugroho, Daraktan Cibiyar Nazarin Rigakafin Bala'i a Jami'ar Jakarta ya ce "Wannan abin koyi ne ga tsarin gargadin bala'i a kasashe masu tasowa." "Mataki na gaba shine ƙarfafa ikon nazarin bayanan ƙananan hukumomi don tabbatar da an fassara gargaɗin zuwa aiki mai inganci."
Mahimman kalmomi: Indonesiya, faɗakarwar ambaliyar ruwa, saka idanu na radar, rigakafin bala'i, basirar wucin gadi
Hakanan zamu iya samar da mafita iri-iri don
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