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Gudun ruwa da ma'aunin ruwa don Aikin Gorge Uku

Abstract
Matsalolin ruwa da najasa na ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke shafar aikin aikawa da rayuwar Aikin Gorge Uku (TGP). An yi amfani da hanyoyi da yawa don bincikar kwararar ruwa da matsalolin ruwa na TGP yayin zanga-zangar, tsarawa, tsarawa, ginawa da aiki, kuma an sami sakamako mai mahimmanci da yawa. Don fahimtar ci gaban kwararar ruwa da ma'aunin ruwa a cikin ayyukan wakilan kasar Sin da kuma kwarewar lura da najasa a cikin manyan manyan tafki, an gabatar da ma'aunin kwarara da ma'aunin ruwa na TGP a cikin wannan takarda. Ya haɗa da yanayin gabaɗaya na TGP, rarraba cibiyar sadarwar tashar ruwa, abubuwan ma'auni, sabon fasahar aunawa, da kuma canjin ruwa a cikin tafki da ƙasa bayan kamawar TGP. Sakamakon ma'auni na ma'auni ya nuna cewa ainihin halin da ake ciki na matsalolin daskarewa yana da kyau, kuma waɗannan matsalolin matsalolin na iya zama mai yiwuwa su taru, haɓaka, da kuma canza su a kan lokaci, don haka ya kamata a kula da su akai-akai.

1 GABATARWA
Aikin Gorge Uku (TGP) shine aikin kiyaye ruwa da wutar lantarki mafi girma a duniya. Dam din yana a Sandouping, birnin Yichang, lardin Hubei, wanda shine layin da ke raba tsakanin tsakiyar kogin Yangtze. Tana sarrafa magudanar ruwa mai nisan kilomita miliyan 1, kuma matsakaicin adadin yawan kwararar ruwa a shekara ya kai miliyan 451,000 m3. Tare da karfin ajiyar ambaliyar ruwa na mita biliyan 22.15, aikin yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shawo kan ambaliyar ruwan kogin Yangtze. Tare da matakin da aka kayyade na yau da kullun na 175 m, jimillar ƙarfin ajiyar tafki shine 39,300 kuma miliyan 22,150 m3 shine ikon sarrafa ambaliya. Ci gaban TGP yana mai da hankali kan rigakafin ambaliyar ruwa, samar da wutar lantarki, da fa'idodin jigilar ruwa. Hakanan zai inganta yanayin muhalli. A cikin wannan lokacin, an ba da cikakkun fa'idodi game da sarrafa ambaliyar ruwa, kewayawa, samar da wutar lantarki, da kuma amfani da albarkatun ruwa.

A matsayin wani muhimmin bangare na tsarin kula da ambaliyan ruwa a tsakiyar kogin Yangtze, TGP yana sarrafa kashi 96% na kwararar ruwa zuwa kogin Jingjiang, bangaren kogin mafi hadari yayin ambaliya, da sama da kashi biyu bisa uku na kwararar ruwa zuwa Wuhan. TGP na taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen dakile ambaliyar ruwa da kuma rage yawan ambaliyar ruwa a saman kogin Yangtze. Ya zuwa karshen watan Agusta, dam din ya hana ruwa mita biliyan 180 na ruwa a lokutan ambaliyar ruwa. Ya ga shigowar sama da mita cubic 70,000 a cikin dakika guda a cikin 2010, 2012 kuma ya rage kololuwar ambaliya da kusan kashi 40 cikin 100, yana sauƙaƙa matsa lamba na shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa a yankunan da ke ƙasa. A lokacin noman rani, an daga magudanar ruwa zuwa sama da mitoci 5500 a cikin dakika daya, inda aka samar da ruwa sama da cubic biliyan 20 a duk shekara ga tsakiyar kogin Yangtze.

Ana aiwatar da abin lura da samfurin don yin hidimar bincike, gini, da aiki na TGP a cikin lokaci daban-daban. An yi amfani da ma'auni na samfuri don nazarin bambance-bambance a cikin zubar da ruwa da kuma jigilar ruwa a cikin babban tashar kogin Yangtze, da kuma canje-canje da juyin halitta na kogin. Ana nuna rarraba wuraren a cikin Hoto 1. Sakamakon lura na yanzu yana daidai da matakin nazarin yiwuwar (Lu & Huang, 2013), amma saboda raguwar laka mai zurfi da gina tafki mai zurfi a kan kogin Jinsha bayan shekarun 1990s, lalatawar kogin Gorges guda uku (TGR) ya fi girma fiye da sakamakon da ya fi girma. zaizayar kasa daga cikin TGP.

2 SIFFOFIN HANYAR CIWON HIDDA DA TSARIN AUNA
Don tattara bayanai na asali da kuma samar da ayyuka don gina injiniyan ruwa, hukumar kula da albarkatun ruwa ta Changjiang sannu a hankali ta kafa manyan tashoshin ruwa tare da babban rafi da magudanan ruwan kogin Yangtze tun daga shekarun 1950. A cikin shekarun 1990s, an samar da cikakkiyar hanyar sadarwa ta tashar ruwa da cibiyar sa ido kan ruwa. Ya haɗa da tashoshin ruwa 118 da fiye da tashoshi 350 na ma'auni. Bugu da kari, an kammala babban aikin binciken kogin da aikin nazarin laka. Bayanan lura da ruwa da na ruwa na shekarun da suka gabata na tsararraki da yawa sun ba da tushen kimiyya don nunawa, ƙira, gini, da aiki na TGP.

Ana aiwatar da kallon samfurin don yin hidimar bincike, gini, da aiki na TGR a cikin lokaci daban-daban. Bayan da tafki ya fara ajiyarsa a shekara ta 2003, lamarin ya bayyana a sama da ƙasa, kuma an aiwatar da aikin dubawa da bincike mai dacewa don yin aiki na TGP kai tsaye. Manufar lura ya haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa: Ƙirƙirar bayanan bayanan matsayin tashoshi na halitta kafin ƙaddamarwa gaba ɗaya; Yin tunani game da yanke shawara na shirin hana biyan kuɗi; a haƙiƙanin sa ido kan bambance-bambancen zaizayar ƙasa da azuzuwa duka a sama da ƙasa bayan kamawa, da gano matsalolin, ta yadda za a ɗauki matakan da suka dace cikin lokaci; inganta fasahar simulation da aka karɓa, da kuma ƙara sahihanci na tsinkayar tsinkewar TGP.

Na'urar lura da sinadarai na ruwa ya haɗa da wurin tafki, wurin dam, da ƙasan magudanar ruwa. Tun daga 1949, bisa la'akari da ma'auni na tsawon lokaci, tashoshi, da bincike da bincike, an tattara bayanai masu yawa na samfuri da sakamakon bincike na bincike, don haka ya dace da buƙatar tsari, ƙira da bincike na kimiyya a cikin ma'anar lokaci. Tsarin ginin lokaci ne na wucin gadi don cin nasara na prophase, kuma jimlar lokacin ginin shine 17a, don haka ya zama dole a ci gaba da kiyaye bambance-bambancen ruwan gudu, laka, da yanayin iyaka. Wannan ba wai kawai yana ba da dogaro ga ƙira, binciken kimiyya, gini, da aiki ba, har ma don ingantawa da haɓaka ƙira da ƙa'idodi.

Abubuwan sa ido sun haɗa da ilimin ruwa, ruwa, da filin tashar. Binciken filin tashar shine galibi don samun daidaiton juyin halittar tashoshi a cikin ɗanyen, daskarewa a cikin tafki, zaizayar ƙasa, da juyin halittar mabuɗin yana kaiwa bayan kama TGP.

2 SIFFOFIN HANYAR CIWON HIDDA DA TSARIN AUNA
Don tattara bayanai na asali da kuma samar da ayyuka don gina injiniyan ruwa, hukumar kula da albarkatun ruwa ta Changjiang sannu a hankali ta kafa manyan tashoshin ruwa tare da babban rafi da magudanan ruwan kogin Yangtze tun daga shekarun 1950. A cikin shekarun 1990s, an samar da cikakkiyar hanyar sadarwa ta tashar ruwa da cibiyar sa ido kan ruwa. Ya haɗa da tashoshin ruwa 118 da fiye da tashoshi 350 na ma'auni. Bugu da kari, an kammala babban aikin binciken kogin da aikin nazarin laka. Bayanan lura da ruwa da na ruwa na shekarun da suka gabata na tsararraki da yawa sun ba da tushen kimiyya don nunawa, ƙira, gini, da aiki na TGP.

Ana aiwatar da kallon samfurin don yin hidimar bincike, gini, da aiki na TGR a cikin lokaci daban-daban. Bayan da tafki ya fara ajiyarsa a shekara ta 2003, lamarin ya bayyana a sama da ƙasa, kuma an aiwatar da aikin dubawa da bincike mai dacewa don yin aiki na TGP kai tsaye. Manufar lura ya haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa: Ƙirƙirar bayanan bayanan matsayin tashoshi na halitta kafin ƙaddamarwa gaba ɗaya; Yin tunani game da yanke shawara na shirin hana biyan kuɗi; a haƙiƙanin sa ido kan bambance-bambancen zaizayar ƙasa da azuzuwa duka a sama da ƙasa bayan kamawa, da gano matsalolin, ta yadda za a ɗauki matakan da suka dace cikin lokaci; inganta fasahar simulation da aka karɓa, da kuma ƙara sahihanci na tsinkayar tsinkewar TGP.

Na'urar lura da sinadarai na ruwa ya haɗa da wurin tafki, wurin dam, da ƙasan magudanar ruwa. Tun daga 1949, bisa la'akari da ma'auni na tsawon lokaci, tashoshi, da bincike da bincike, an tattara bayanai masu yawa na samfuri da sakamakon bincike na bincike, don haka ya dace da buƙatar tsari, ƙira da bincike na kimiyya a cikin ma'anar lokaci. Tsarin ginin lokaci ne na wucin gadi don cin nasara na prophase, kuma jimlar lokacin ginin shine 17a, don haka ya zama dole a ci gaba da kiyaye bambance-bambancen ruwan gudu, laka, da yanayin iyaka. Wannan ba wai kawai yana ba da dogaro ga ƙira, binciken kimiyya, gini, da aiki ba, har ma don ingantawa da haɓaka ƙira da ƙa'idodi.

Abubuwan sa ido sun haɗa da ilimin ruwa, ruwa, da filin tashar. Binciken filin tashar shine galibi don samun daidaiton juyin halittar tashoshi a cikin ɗanyen, daskarewa a cikin tafki, zaizayar ƙasa, da juyin halittar mabuɗin yana kaiwa bayan kama TGP.

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Matsakaicin saurin saurin matakin ruwa na Radar don yanayi kamar DAMS, buɗe tashoshi, da hanyoyin sadarwar bututu na ƙasa, yana iya sa ido kan bayanai a ainihin lokacin.

https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/Non-Contact-Portable-Handheld-Radar-Water_1601224205822.html?spm=a2747.product_manager.0.0.f48f71d2ufe8DA


Lokacin aikawa: Nov-04-2024