Mun daɗe muna auna saurin iska ta amfani da na'urar auna anemometers tsawon ƙarni, amma ci gaban da aka samu kwanan nan ya ba da damar samar da hasashen yanayi mafi inganci da daidaito. Na'urorin auna anemometers na sonic suna auna saurin iska cikin sauri da daidaito idan aka kwatanta da na gargajiya.
Cibiyoyin kimiyyar yanayi galibi suna amfani da waɗannan na'urori yayin gudanar da ma'auni na yau da kullun ko cikakken nazari don taimakawa wajen yin hasashen yanayi daidai ga wurare daban-daban. Wasu yanayin muhalli na iya iyakance ma'auni, amma ana iya yin wasu gyare-gyare don shawo kan waɗannan matsalolin.
Na'urorin auna anemometer sun bayyana a ƙarni na 15 kuma an ci gaba da inganta su da haɓaka su a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Na'urorin auna anemometer na gargajiya, waɗanda aka fara ƙirƙira su a tsakiyar ƙarni na 19, suna amfani da tsari mai zagaye na kofunan iska da aka haɗa da mai tattara bayanai. A cikin shekarun 1920, sun zama uku, suna ba da amsa mai sauri da daidaito wanda ke taimakawa wajen auna iskar iska. Na'urorin auna anemometer na sonic yanzu su ne mataki na gaba a hasashen yanayi, suna ba da daidaito da ƙuduri mafi girma.
Na'urorin auna sauti na sonic anemometers, waɗanda aka ƙera a shekarun 1970, suna amfani da raƙuman ultrasonic don auna saurin iska nan take da kuma tantance ko raƙuman sauti da ke tafiya tsakanin na'urori masu auna sauti suna ƙaruwa ko kuma suna raguwa saboda iska.
Yanzu ana amfani da su sosai a fannin kasuwanci kuma ana amfani da su a wurare daban-daban. Ana amfani da na'urorin auna sauti masu girma biyu (gudun iska da alkibla) a tashoshin yanayi, jigilar kaya, injinan turbine na iska, jiragen sama, har ma a tsakiyar teku, suna shawagi a kan manyan jiragen sama.
Na'urorin auna sauti na Sonic na iya yin ma'auni tare da ƙudurin lokaci mai tsawo, yawanci daga 20 Hz zuwa 100 Hz, wanda hakan ya sa suka dace da ma'aunin girgiza. Gudu da ƙuduri a cikin waɗannan jeri suna ba da damar ƙarin ma'auni daidai. Na'urar auna sauti na sonic tana ɗaya daga cikin sabbin kayan aikin yanayi a tashoshin yanayi a yau, kuma ta fi mahimmanci fiye da na'urar auna iska, wacce ke auna alkiblar iska.
Ba kamar na gargajiya ba, na'urar auna sauti (sonic anemometer) ba ta buƙatar sassan motsi don aiki. Suna auna lokacin da bugun sauti ke ɗauka don tafiya tsakanin na'urori masu auna sauti guda biyu. Lokaci yana ƙayyade ta hanyar nisan da ke tsakanin waɗannan na'urori masu auna sauti, inda saurin sauti ya dogara da zafin jiki, matsin lamba da gurɓatattun iska kamar gurɓataccen iska, gishiri, ƙura ko hazo a cikin iska.
Domin samun bayanai game da saurin iska tsakanin na'urori masu auna sigina, kowanne na'ura mai auna sigina yana aiki a matsayin mai aikawa da karɓa, don haka ana watsa bugun jini tsakanin su a duka hanyoyi biyu.
Ana ƙayyade saurin tashi bisa ga lokacin bugun jini a kowane alkibla; yana kama saurin iska mai girma uku, alkibla, da kusurwa ta hanyar sanya nau'i-nau'i uku na na'urori masu auna firikwensin a kan gatari uku daban-daban.
Cibiyar Kimiyyar Yanayi tana da na'urori goma sha shida na sonic anemometers, ɗaya daga cikinsu yana da ikon aiki a 100 Hz, biyu daga cikinsu suna da ikon aiki a 50 Hz, sauran kuma, waɗanda galibi suna da ikon aiki a 20 Hz, suna da sauri sosai ga yawancin ayyuka.
Kayan aiki guda biyu suna da kayan dumama hana ƙanƙara don amfani a yanayin ƙanƙara. Yawancinsu suna da shigarwar analog, wanda ke ba ku damar ƙara ƙarin na'urori masu auna zafin jiki kamar zafin jiki, danshi, matsin lamba da iskar gas mai kama da haka.
An yi amfani da na'urorin auna iska na Sonic a cikin ayyuka kamar NABMLEX don auna saurin iska a tsayi daban-daban, kuma Cityflux ta ɗauki ma'auni daban-daban a sassa daban-daban na birnin.
Ƙungiyar aikin CityFlux, wacce ke nazarin gurɓatar iska a birane, ta ce: "Ma'anar CityFlux ita ce a yi nazarin matsalolin biyu a lokaci guda ta hanyar auna yadda iska mai ƙarfi ke cire barbashi da sauri daga hanyar sadarwa ta 'kwaruruka' na titunan birni. Iskar da ke sama da su ita ce inda muke zama da kuma shaƙatawa. Wuri ne da iska za ta iya hura shi."
Na'urorin auna saurin iska na Sonic sune sabbin ci gaba a fannin auna saurin iska, suna inganta daidaiton hasashen yanayi da kuma kariya daga mummunan yanayi kamar ruwan sama mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya haifar da matsaloli ga kayan aikin gargajiya.
Ƙarin bayanai masu inganci game da saurin iska yana taimaka mana mu fahimci yanayin yanayi mai zuwa da kuma shirya don rayuwar yau da kullun da aiki.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-13-2024